Alex Kubaney Chapter 1: introduction to anatomy

what does ana- mean?

The prefix "ana-" comes from Greek, meaning "up," "back," or "against." It is often used in medical terminology to indicate a process of building up or a reversal.

What does tome mean

The term "tome" originates from Greek and means "cut" or "section." In anatomy and medical terminology, it often refers to a cutting or incision.

what is the definition of anatomy?

Anatomy is the branch of biology that studies the structure and organization of living organisms. It involves examining the physical structures of organisms, including systems, organs, and tissues.

Who was Andreas Veselius?

Andreas Vesalius was a 16th-century anatomist and physician, often regarded as the founder of modern human anatomy. He is best known for his work "De Humani Corporis Fabrica," which provided detailed descriptions and illustrations of the human body based on dissections.

What is the nomina anatomica?

The nomina anatomica is a set of standardized anatomical names established to provide a universal terminology for describing anatomy, aiming to reduce confusion in anatomical nomenclature across languages and regions.

What is the definition of physiology

Physiology is the scientific study of the functions and processes of living organisms and their parts, including physical and chemical processes that occur within them.

what are the levels of organization within the human body?

The levels of organization within the human body include cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and the organism as a whole, each with increasing complexity.

what is gross anatomy

Gross anatomy is the study of the structures of the body that can be seen with the naked eye, typically involving dissections or imaging techniques, to explore the relationships among these structures.

what is surface anatomy

Surface anatomy is the study of the external features of the body and how they relate to the underlying structures. It involves examining the contours and landmarks of the body to understand anatomical relationships.

what does palpate mean

To examine or explore the body by touch, often to assess the condition of an organ or tissue.

what is radiological anatomy

Radiological anatomy is the study of anatomical structures using imaging techniques such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs to visualize internal structures without dissection.

what is systemic anatomy

Systemic anatomy is the study of the body's organ systems and their interrelationships, focusing on how each system functions and contributes to overall health.

what is histology

Histology is the study of the microscopic structure of tissues and cells, essential for understanding the composition and function of various organs in the body.

what is cytology

Cytology is the study of individual cells, including their structure, function, and interactions, providing insights into cellular processes and abnormalities.

what is embryology

Embryology is the study of the development of embryos from fertilization to birth, examining how organisms grow and differentiate during early stages of life.

what is Teratology

Teratology is the study of abnormal development in embryos, focusing on birth defects and their causes, including environmental and genetic factors.

what is a zygote

A zygote is the initial cell formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, marking the beginning of embryonic development.

what is comparative anatomy

Comparative anatomy is the study of the anatomical structures of different organisms to understand their evolutionary relationships and functional adaptations. It involves comparing similarities and differences among species.

what does patho- mean

Patho- is a prefix meaning disease, suffering, or disorder, often used in medical terms to describe pathological conditions.

what superior

refers to a position above or higher than another part of the body, commonly used in anatomical terminology to indicate location.

what is inferior

refers to a position below or lower than another part of the body, used in anatomical terms to describe locations.

what is anterior (ventral)

toward the front of the body in relation to another organ

what is posterior

toward the back of the body in relation to another organ

what is medial

near the mid-line of the body

what is lateral

away from the mid-line of the body

what is proximal

nearer to the torso

what is distal

farther from the torso

what is superficial

toward the surface of the body

what is deep (internal)

deep within the body

what parietal

the walls of a cavity

what is visceral

covering of an organ

what is supine

on back position

what is prone

on the back (position)

what is the midsagittal section

divides body into right and left halves

what is the frontal (coronal) section

divides body into anterior and posterior

what is the transverse (cross) section

divides body into superior and inferior

what is the dorsal body cavity

the back side body cavity

what is the cranial cavity

brain

what is the vertebral cavity

spinal cord

what is the thoracic cavity

chest cavity

what is the abdominal cavity

contains all organs in the stomach and chest

what is the pelvic cavity

contains urinary bladder portions of large intestine and reproductive organs

what separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity

diaphragm

what is the cephalic region

head

what is the cervical region

midsection of the body

what is the pectoral region

chest area

what is the mammary region

breast

what is the brachial region

arm

what does ante mean

front

what is the cubital region

back of elbow

what is the carpal region

wrist

what is the inguinal region

groin

what is the crural region

leg

what is the patellar region

kneecap

what is the pedal

foot

what is the occipital region

base of skull

what is the popliteal region

behind knee

what is the calcaneal

heel

abdomino

abdomen

acro

extremity

adeno

gland

angio

vessel

arthro

joint

cardio

heart

chondro

cartilage

cysto

bladder or sac

cyto

cell

dento

tooth

dermato

skin

dermo

skin

duoden

duodenum

gastro

stomach

hepato

liver

laryngo

larynx

myo

muscle

nephro

kidney

nuero

nerve

osteo

bone

oto

ear

patho

disease

pneumono

lung

rhino

nose

stomato

mouth

thoraco

thorax