English File 4th Edition Advanced Plus - File 1B Vocabulary | Quizlet

non-competitive

an environment that does not involve competition

gender equality

giving people the same rights and opportunities regardless of their gender

fussy

not easily satisfied, or having very high standards about particular things

astonished at/by

to be surprised, to be gobsmacked

minor

a person who is under the age of 18

unfenced

not surrounded by a fence

canal

a long, thin stretch of water that is artificially made either for boats or for taking water from one area to another

fretful

behaving in a way that shows that you are unhappy, worried, uncomfortable

dependent

needing the support of something or someone in order to continue existing or operating

to aspire

to hope to achieve something or be successful

emphasis

the particular importance or attention that is given to something

to keep an eye out for someone

to pay attention to someone, to protect someone, to supervise someone

Montessori

a method of education based on self-directed activity and collaborative play

laid-back

relaxed in manner and character

collaborative

an activity that requires two or more people to work together for a special purpose

to prize something over something else

to value something more than something else (e.g. We value freedom over money,)

constructive

useful things that are intended to help or improve something (e.g. constructive criticism)

fulfilling

making you feel happy and satisfied

march

an event in which a large number of people walk through a public place to express their support for something

to warrant

officially affirm or guarantee

negotiation

the process of discussing something with someone in order to reach an agreement

to correspond

to match or to be similar or equal

to interfere

to involve yourself in a situation when your involvement is not wanted or is not helpful

approach (noun)

a way of dealing with someone or something

stream

a group of school students of the same age and level of ability

no stigma attached to sth

means that it's not something you should be ashamed of

"In Iceland there was _______ _______ _______ _______ being a divorced woman or a single or unwed mother

self-confidence

the belief that you can do things well and that other people respect you

to be pressured

to feel a sense of being pushed to do something

a balanced view

an impartial opinion, considering both sides of the coin

liberal

respecting and allowing many different types of beliefs and behaviour

decrease

to become less

congested

too blocked or crowded and therefore causing difficulties

to be out of touch

not informed, not having the same ideas as most people, and because of this, making mistakes

reduction

the act of making something smaller in size, amount, importance, etc.

closure

the fact of a business, organization, etc. stopping operating

demand

to ask for something forcefully in a way that shows that you do not expect to be refused

monitoring

watching or noticing particular things

upbringing

the way in which you are treated and educated when you are young especially by your parents (it has an effect on your behaviour and morals)

income

money received for work, rented properties, inheritance, etc.

outcome

the result of something

downpour

a lot of rain in a short period of time

aftertaste

the taste that a particular food or other substance leaves in your mouth after you have swallowed it

outcry

a strong experssion of anger and disapproval about something

downfall

a sudden fall from power or position

after-effect

a consequence or repercussion of something

outlook

the likely future situation

input

energy, money, effort, information, etc. but into a system so that it can operare (e.g. group projects)

outburst

a sudden forceful expression of emotion (especially anger)

aftershocks

a sudden movement of the surface of the Earth that often follows an earthquake and is less violent than the first main movement

outlay

an amount of money spent for a particular purpose especially as a first investment

outbreak

sudden start of something unwelcome

uptake

the action of taking up or making use of something that is available

"the ________ of free school meals"

downturn

a reduction in the amount or success of something

upkeep

the cost or process of keeping something in good condition

intake

the act of putting fluids, medicine, etc. into your body

free-range parenting

a style of parenting that deemphasizes scheduling and supervision and emphasizes extreme independence

helicopter parenting

a parent who pays extremely close attention to children's experiences and problems, particularly at educational institutions

tiger parenting

strict and demanding style of parenting and it emphasizes discipline and high expectations

obedience

the tendency to do what powerful people tell us to do

rip-off

to cheat someone by making them pay too much for something

write-up

a review of something

makeover

being totally renovated

to hover

to stay in one place in the air usually by moving the wings quickly

cot

a small bed for a baby or young child with high bars around the sides

conundrum

a difficult problem

impenetrable

impossible to see through or go through

concept

a principle or idea

gait

a particular way of walking or manner

captivating

attracting attention of others

chunky

clothes or jewellery made of large pieces

bruising

an experience in which someone defeats you or is very rude to you

anti-climax

an event or experience that causes disappointment because it is less exciting than expected

salient

most noticeable or important things about a particular thing

revelation

enlightening or astonishing disclosure

euthanasia

the act of painlessly killing a suffering person or animal; mercy killing

thud

the sound that is made when something heavy falls or hits something else

statuesque

resembling a statue and having a tall and shapely form

to trudge out

to walk out slowly and wearily

to veer towards sg

to turn strongly in the direction of something (e.g. My family ________ ________ work rather than education. = My family would want me to work.)