APULL Poetry Terms

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dramatic monologue

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52 Terms

1

dramatic monologue

a poem or speech in which a fictional character expresses his or her thoughts and feelings within a developing situation

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2

structure

described in terms of stanza, form, and meter

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3

stanza

a group of lines in a poem, considered a unit. often separated by spaces

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4

repetition

the use of sound, word, phrase, clause, or sentence more than once

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5

rhythm

the arrangement, or pattern, of accented and unaccented syllables - the "beat"

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6

rhyme scheme

the regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem; indicated by using different letters of the alphabet for each new rhyme

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7

rhyme

the repetition of sounds at the end of words

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8

end rhyme

when the rhyming words come at the end of lines

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9

internal rhyme

rhyming words appear in the same line of a poem

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10

meter

the pattern of accented and unaccented syllables that form that basis of the poem's rhythm; _________ signifies the number of rhythmic beats, or "feet" in a line and the arrangement of accented and unaccented syllables in each foot

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11

eye rhyme

words whose spellings lead you to think that they rhyme (here and where) (move and love)

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12

sonnet

a fourteen-line lyric poem; 3 quatrains and 1 couplet; usually rhyming

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13

Shakespeare sonnet

consists of 3 quatrains and a couplet; a 14-line poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter, abab cdcd efef gg.

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14

quatrain

a stanza or poem made up of four lines with rhythm and rhyme

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15

couplet

a pair of rhyming lines, usually in the same length and meter

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16

iamb

one unstressed and one stressed syllable in a 5-foot line

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17

blank verse

poetry written in unryhmed iambic pentameter

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18

free verse

verse without a regular arrangement of accented and unaccented syllables; it is free of the restrictions of a set rhythmical pattern for each line; movement from line to lines establishes rhythm

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19

figurative languge

writing or speech not meant to be interpreted literally; language that uses the three figures of speech metaphor, simile, personification

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20

symbol

something that has its own meaning but that stands for or represents something else

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21

imagery

descriptive language used to create word pictures

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22

apostrophe

the direct address of a person or a personified thing; it often interrupts the discussion

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23

alliteration

the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of two or more words

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24

onomatopeia

the use of words to imitate sounds or suggest a sound; when the pronunciation of a word suggests its meaning

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25

irony

words or events that show reality as different from what people expect

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26

metaphor

a figure of speech comparing one thing to another without using like or as; one thing is said to be another

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27

extended metaphor

as in a regular metaphor, a subject is spoken or written of as though it were something else, though here several comparisons are made

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28

simile

a figure of speech where like or as are used to make a comparison between two unlike ideas

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29

personification

a type of figurative language in which a non-human subject is given human chatacteristics

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30

allusion

a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art

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31

hyperbole

the use of exaggeration

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32

oxymoron

a paradox reduced to two words usually in an adjective-noun or adverb-adjective relationship (wise fool, act naturally)

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33

paradox

a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true

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34

pun

a play on words based on the similarity of sound between words with different meanings

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35

consonance

the repetition in two or more words of the final consonants in stressed syllables

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36

assonance

the reptition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in two or more stressed syllables

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37

theme

a central message or insight into life

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38

mood

the feeling created in the reader when reading a poem

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39

tone

the writer's attitude toward the audience or subject

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40

antecedent

The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun Ex: "If I could command the wealth of all the world by lifting my finger, I would not pay such a price for it." An AP question might read: "What is the antecedent for "it"?

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41

diction

word choice

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42

Connotation

The associations suggested by a word.

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43

Implied meaning rather than literal meaning. Ex: "policeman," "cop," and "The Man" all denote the same literal meaning of police officer, but each has a different connotation.

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44

Denotation

The literal, explicit meaning of a word, without its connotations.

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45

Metonymy

Replacing an actual word or idea, with a related word or concept. Ex: "Relations between London and Washington have been strained," does not literally mean relations between the two cities, but between the leaders of The United States and England.

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46

Synecdoche

A kind of metonymy when a whole is represented by naming one of its parts, or vice versa. Ex: "The cattle rancher owned 500 head." "Check out my new wheels."

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47

Enjambment

the continuation of a sentence or clause across a line break. Ex: "I wonder, by my troth, what thou and I / Did, till we loved?"

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48

Caesura

The slight pause or breaks within a line of poetry. Ex: when you say, "Maria has taken a break," you take a breath before further saying, "But Adam did not." Often these are denoted with periods or dashes.

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49

Anaphora

Repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences or clauses in a row. This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps make the writer's point more coherent. Ex: "I came, I saw, I conquered."

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50

slant rhyme

When a poet creates a rhyme, but the two words do not rhyme exactly, they are merely similar. (worm and swarm)

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51

internal rhyme

When a line of poetry contains a rhyme within a single line. Ex: "To the rhyming and the chiming of the bells!"

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52

Juxtaposition

Placing things side by side for the purposes of comparison. Authors often use juxtaposition of ideas or examples in order to make a point.

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