Imperialism, Progressive Era & World War 1 Test Review

Provisions found in the Treaty of Versailles

the requirement for Germany to accept full responsibility for the war, pay significant reparations, forfeit territorial rights, and limit its military capabilities.

Event that led to the outbreak of World War I in Europe

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Gavrilo Princip on June 28, 1914, triggered a chain of events and alliances

Reasons for U.S. Entry into World War I

unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany, the sinking of the Lusitania, and the interception of the Zimmermann Telegram proposing a military alliance between Germany and Mexico.

Impact of the sinking of the British ship Lusitania

resulted in the death of 128 Americans, escalated anti-German sentiment in the U.S. and contributed to the decision to enter World War I.

Result of U.S. intervention in World War I on American foreign policy

marked a shift toward a more active American engagement in global affairs, establishing the U.S. as a prominent world power and setting the stage for future international involvement.

Preparation of Americans in the Selective Service Act for war during World War I

required men aged 21 to 30 to register for the draft, providing the necessary manpower for the U.S. military

War Industries Board preparation for Americans during World War I

coordinated the production of war materials, ensuring efficient supply chains and maximizing industrial output to support American troops.

Committee of Public Information preparation for Americans

used propaganda to promote support for the war among Americans, encouraging volunteerism and involvement through various media channels.

Steps taken by the U.S. government officials during World War I to ensure American troops had enough food to eat

the Food Administration, led by Herbert Hoover, which promoted rationing and encouraged citizens to conserve food to support the troops.

Ways the federal government paid for the costs of World War I

through war bonds, increased income taxes, and loans from citizens to meet the financial demands of the war.

Purpose of the Espionage Act and the Sedition Act during World War I

aimed to prevent interference with military operations, while the Sedition Act prohibited speech and actions deemed disloyal to the U.S. government or war effort.

Event that caused the death of soldiers in a battlefield trench in France during World War I

Conditions in the trenches, including disease, exposure to the elements, and the use of chemical weapons

Details about the war in Europe from 1914 to 1918

World War I involved global conflict among major powers, characterized by trench warfare, technological advancements, and significant loss of life.

Religious American group that was excused from participation during World War I

The Quakers, or Society of Friends, were granted conscientious objector status, allowing them to abstain from military service based on their pacifist beliefs.

American group that fought under French command during World War I but didn’t have combat roles in the U.S. Army

The Harlem Hellfighters, an African American regiment, fought valiantly under French command, earning accolades despite facing racial discrimination.

Group of Americans that faced hostility and mob violence in the U.S. during World War I

German Americans due to rising anti-German sentiment.

Impact of World War I on German Americans

led to widespread discrimination against German Americans, including job loss, forced anglicization, and the suppression of German culture.

Affect World War I had on American women

World War I expanded opportunities for women in the workforce, as many took on roles traditionally held by men, leading to increased advocacy for women's rights.

Affect World War I had on African Americans

World War I catalyzed the Great Migration, where many African Americans moved to northern cities for industrial jobs, seeking better economic opportunities and escaping Jim Crow laws.

Organization formed before World War I

The American Federation of Labor (AFL) was established to represent skilled workers and advocate for their rights, promoting collective bargaining.

Similarities of the Social Gospel movement and settlement houses

aimed to address social issues through community support, advocating for social justice and improved living conditions.

Legacy of the Social Gospel Movement

legacy of social reform and activism in the name of Christian ethics, influencing various social justice movements.

What was the role of settlement houses in late 19th century America?

provided social services, education, and support to immigrants and the urban poor, fostering community engagement and reform.

What were the reasons behind nativist support for immigration reform in the 1920s?

sought to limit immigration to preserve American culture, reduce competition for jobs, and respond to fears about the influence of immigrants.

What caused European immigration to the U.S. restriction in the 1920s?

The Immigration Act of 1924 aiming to reduce the influx of certain groups.

What was the goal of the parade of suffragists?

to advocate for women's right to vote and to raise public awareness about the suffrage movement.

What are progressive reforms?

aimed to address social issues, promote democracy, and reduce corruption through governmental intervention and social advocacy.

Who were the muckrakers and what was their aim?

were journalists who exposed corruption, social injustices, and unethical practices in politics and business to promote reform.

What was the impact of the Progressive (or 'Bull Moose') Party proposals in 1912?

The proposals sparked significant discussions on social reforms, leading to the adoption of progressive policies, including women's suffrage and labor rights.

What constitutional amendments were passed with the support of the Progressives?

The 16th (income tax), 17th (direct election of senators), 18th (prohibition), and 19th (women's suffrage) Amendments

What was the outcome of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906?

led to the establishment of the FDA and regulations ensuring the safety and proper labeling of food and pharmaceuticals.

What were the outcomes of laws passed by Congress during the Progressive Era?

Many laws enhanced workers' rights, improved health standards, and established regulatory agencies to oversee business practices.

What is a conclusion regarding United States foreign policy?

evolved to prioritize expansionism and interventionism, aimed at promoting economic interests and security.

What benefits did U.S. imperialism provide to the people of Guam, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines?

introduced infrastructure development, education, and health services, but often at the cost of local autonomy.

How did the Spanish-American War contribute to the rise of the United States as a global force?

marked the U.S.'s emergence as an imperial power, gaining territories and influencing global affairs significantly.

What events in 1898 led to changes in the size of the U.S.?

The annexation of Hawaii, the outcome of the Spanish-American War, and the acquisition of territories such as Puerto Rico and the Philippines expanded U.S. borders.

What were the reasons the U.S. annexed Puerto Rico and the Philippines?

Strategic military interests, economic opportunities, and the desire to spread American values

What was a direct result of the Spanish-American War?

the signing of the Treaty of Paris, which ceded territories to the U.S. and established American control over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

What caused the construction of the Panama Canal?

The desire to facilitate faster maritime trade and military movement between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

What was the aftermath of the Spanish-American War?

U.S. expansion into the Caribbean and Pacific, increased military presence, and rising debates over imperialism.

What water route was built because of Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahan's influence?

The Panama Canal

Why did Theodore Roosevelt send a warship to protect the rebellion in Panama?

aimed to prevent Colombian intervention, support Panama's independence, and secure U.S. interests in building the canal.