New Deal

AAA

Agricultural Adjustment Act - established in 1st ND - paid farmers to produce less produce - helped to increase farm prices + decrease overproduction
rewarded money if could keep plot empty
1933-39 - incomes doubled

CCC

Civilian Conservation Corps - established in 1st ND - relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.
plantes 3.5 billion trees

NRA

National Recovery Administration - established in 1st ND - encourages business leaders to set fair wages + improve working conditions

When was the Second New Deal

1935-38

FERA

Federal Emergency Relief Administration - established in 1st ND - provided $500mil to states to spend on relief, provided basic income (short term), gave relief to unemployed - opened soup kitchens

HOLC

Home Owners Loan Corporation - established in 1st ND - extended mortgage payments (5-20 years) , made easier for 1 mill people to keep their homes

TVA

Tennessee Valley Authority - built 33 hydroelectric dams to give access to cheap electricity to farmers
industries moved into the area and took adv of electricity
only benefit 7 states
very popular - expanded into 2nd ND

Wagner Act / National Labour Relations Act 1935

set out to improve working lives of industrial workers
labour unions (9mill in 1940) allowed to join trade unions protected by gov
lawyers protected workers (14-226 in 1939)

Social Security Act 1935

Provided old-age pension (retirement), and a program of unemployment insurance (temporary aid to help people who lose jobs to find a new job), and federal welfare program (aid for very poor). Most famous and important legacy of New Deal. Has resulted with drastic reduction in poverty among elderly in the US
domestic workers + farmers NOT included

Emergency Banking Act 1933

FDR closes all banks for 4 extra bank holiday days and only reopened stable banks - confidence + economic recovery

Banking Act 1935

strengthen central bank system, power redistribution in Federal Reserve system
no banks failed in 1936

How many banks failed

5000

WPA

Works Progress Administration - provided temporary relief/employments for 8 mill Americans
spend $11 billion helping all men+women of all races
jobs included : manual labourers, writers/performers, teaching, college+training programmes

rural electrification 1935 (rural electrification act)

1930 - 10% of farmers had electricity (in poorer ares, as little as 1%)
Electricity produced by hydroelectric dams (TVA), boosted demand
1941 - 35% of farmers had electricity

successes of ND

unemployment : 1933, 12.8 mil - 1939, 4.5 mil
35% of ppl got relief
helped 6000 banks reopen

shortcomings of ND

tenant farmers were homeless, heavily relied on gov payments
didn't benefit old industries (mining etc)
only 40% of people in need for relief from work relief programmes
still gap between rich + poor