Heimler's AP Gov 1.6

Separation of Powers

The principle that power is divided among three branches of government: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial.

Legislative Branch

The part of government responsible for making laws, consisting of Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate.

Executive Branch

The branch of government responsible for enforcing laws, headed by the President and supported by the bureaucracy.

Judicial Branch

The branch of government that interprets laws and constitutionality, including the Supreme Court and federal courts.

Checks and Balances

A system that ensures that no one branch of government can dominate or abuse power, providing each branch the means to restrain the others.

Advice and Consent

The Senate's power to approve presidential appointments, such as cabinet members and Supreme Court justices.

Impeachment

The process by which the House of Representatives can impeach a government official, followed by a trial in the Senate.

Veto

The President's power to reject legislation passed by Congress.

Judicial Review

The power of the courts to declare laws and actions unconstitutional, established in Marbury v. Madison (1803).

Federalist 51

An essay by James Madison arguing for the separation of powers and checks and balances to prevent abuse of power.

Access Points

Opportunities for individuals or stakeholders to engage and influence government processes across the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches.