Electric Power Systems Overview and Analysis

Electric Power System

Network for generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity.

Generation Systems

Facilities that convert energy sources into electrical power.

Solar Irradiance

Power per unit area received from the sun.

Wind Speed

Velocity of wind affecting energy generation.

Geothermal Wells

Natural sources of geothermal energy for power generation.

Cooling Medium

Substance used to remove heat from power plants.

Load Factor

Ratio of actual output to potential output over time.

Diversity in Utilization

Variety of energy sources improving system efficiency.

Backup Generators

Alternative power sources for reliability during outages.

Radial Topology

Power flows from a single source outward.

Grid Topology

Interconnected network allowing multiple power flow paths.

N-1 Requirement

System must function with one component failure.

Voltage Levels

Standardized electrical potentials for transmission and distribution.

Extra High Voltage (EHV)

Transmission voltage of 500 kV and above.

High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)

Transmission system using direct current at high voltage.

Technical Losses

Power losses inherent in electrical equipment.

Non-Technical Losses

Power losses due to human actions or errors.

Department of Energy (DOE)

Philippine agency regulating energy resources.

Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC)

Regulatory body overseeing energy market operations.

National Grid Corporation (NGCP)

Operator of the Philippine electricity transmission network.

Wholesale Electricity Spot Market (WESM)

Market for trading electricity in the Philippines.

Independent Market Operator (IEMOP)

Entity managing electricity market operations and transactions.

Electric Cooperatives (EC)

Local organizations providing electricity services to members.

Retail Electricity Supplier (RES)

Company supplying electricity to end consumers.