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soteriology
study of salvation
salvation
god's deliverance of creation from the power and effects of sin enabling creation, especially humanity, to enjoy god's intended purposes for it
sin
fundamental unbelief, distrust, and rejection of god and human displacement of god as the center of reality. (status/orientation with sin as the expression)
atonement
god's act in dealing with the problem of sin through jesus' death on the cross
objective soteriology
work of jesus in our salvation
subjective soteriology
work of spirit in our salvation
the passion
historical event of the crucifixion
pontius pilate
included in the apostles creed for historical accuracy. the guy who crucified christ
crucifixion
tool of romans for horror and scandal
stumbling block (jews)
subject to imperial power suppressing them, expected savior to be warrior
foolishness (greeks)
by the rules of the game, jesus was supposed to die
folly (post/moderns)
divine child abuse. how does the act of "substitution" actually work?
suffering servant
the one sent to die. "chosen one" to bring forth justice
anticipated death
jesus knows he's going to die
voluntary death
jesus willingly dies (he wasn't just in the wrong place at the wrong time)
empowering death
necessary death in order to have new life. god chose to expose himself to human suffering
theodicy
response to the problem of evil and suffering in the world (christian response)
atheistic argument from suffering
if god is almighty, then he could create a world without suffering. therefore, god must either be not good, not just, or not almighty
logical response (theodicy)
how would a world without suffering actually look?
almighty
god's ability to act to achieve his purposes
emotional response (theodicy)
persuasive power of suffering, "easy for you to say". yet on the cross, god experiences human suffering. jesus suffered too.
soul-making (theodicy)
suffering can serve a positive purpose
consequences of sin
alienation, condemnation, enslavement, and depravity
alienation
rupture in our relationships with god, each other, and creation because of sin
condemnation
sentences or judgment which hangs over us because of our sin
enslavement
bondage to malevolent forces that overwhelm us (external)
depravity
inability or powerlessness due to the corruption of sin (internal)
total depravity
corruption leads to all areas of human life
provision of Jesus
reconciliation, expiation, redemption, and substitution
reconciliation
restoration of a loving and peaceful relationship with god, others, and creation
expiation
christ turns aside god's offended sense of justice
redemption
christ frees us from the captivity of our enemies
freedom
the ability to live according to god's purposes
substitution
christ stands in our place, doing what we cannot do ourselves
reconciliation is the antidote for
alienation
expiation is the antidote for
condemnation
redemption is the antidote for
enslavement
substitution is the antidote for
depravity
which model connects to reconciliation?
subjective model
which model connects to expiation?
objective model
which model connects to redemption?
dynamic model
which model connects to substitution?
objective and dynamic models
model
simplification for the sake of understanding
theory
product which stems off of a model
dynamic model
christ's death frees us from the d(evil)
victory theory
jesus defeats our enemy captors
ransom theory
jesus pays the price to release us
objective model
christ's death alters god's disposition towards us
satisfaction theory
jesus restores god's affronted honor (honor/shame based)
penal-substitution theory
jesus sacrificially takes our punishment (law based)
subjective model
christ's death influences our hearts and minds
moral influence theory
jesus' love wins our allegiance, enabling us to love
exemplar theory
jesus is our model of sacrificial love
recaptiulation theory
jesus replays adam's story successfully defeating sin by obedience unto death
governmental theory
jesus' loving substitutionary death demonstrates god's justice and mercy. god hates the sin but loves the sinner. consequences vs. penalty
55 / 110
cruciformity
ongoing pattern of living in and dying with christ, but cooperating with the holy spirit to become a christ-like person who is faithful and obedient to the father
56 / 110
identity
primary identity - defining relation
imitation
carrying out the ethics of the cross
resistance
alternative allegiance (ex. success as an idol)
heaven
transcendent location of god's maximal presence. jesus' location after the ascension
god’s trancendence
distinct separation from creation
new creation
renewal and transformation of the world, making it appropriate for eternal fellowship with god
new heavens and new earth
new creation. our eventual eternal home
hades
greek for grave, the place of the dead, "death"
sheol
hebrew for the grave, the place of the dead, "death"
paradise
part of hades/sheol for the "good" people. jesus went here to experience the fullness of human death
tartarus
the second part of hades/sheol for the "bad" people
the grave
synonym for sheol (not a cemetary)
rufinus
guy who used the word "infernus" instead of "inferus" in the creed
inferus
latin for underworld
infernus
latin for hell
hell
the place of final, irreversible separation from god
"separation from god"
and separation. separation should just mean minimal presence because god is omnipresent
sadducees (death view)
believed in the shadowy existence in sheol. only believing in the first 5 books of the bible (the Torah)
hellenized jews (death view)
believed in the immortal soul and reincarnation
reincarnation
immortal soul inhabits various bodies through time until escaping embodiment
immortal soul
belief that our souls pre-existed and will always exist. soul is eternal
materialists (death view)
dead and gone. "living on in the memory of those who remember you"
pharisees (death view)
resurrection to eternal life at end of time
resurrection
restored and glorified embodied human existence fit for eternal life and fellowship, first for jesus, then for believers
reanimation
temporary restoration of human life (like lazarus)
ascension
marks the end of jesus' earthly ministry and entry into the father's heavenly presence
exaltation
worship! not assumption or memorial. earthly presence ends
assumption
raised to heaven without dying (ex. enoch or elijah)
memorial
subjective ascension of jesus ascending "in our hearts", but not in real life
enthroned
jesus reigns. divine authority and power. jesus is "in session"
image of god
imago dei. humans were created to be like god. reestablishing god's power and authority
mediator
high priest (makes the sacrifice for us), intercedes, confidence in prayer
intercedes
jesus between people and god
spirit giver
advocate, truth, forgiveness
paraclete
greek - called to one's aid
spirit-baptizer
another term for how jesus is the giver of the spirit (from Luke)
power to witness
the spirit gives us the power to witness (from luke)
second coming
future bodily return of jesus to reign on the earth in glory and power blessed hope
first advent
jesus coming as a baby
second advent
second coming
promised return
it is going to happen
bodily return
in the same way he left, tangible body
public return
everyone is going to know when it happens
wedding supper of the lamb
celebration for the bride of christ
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Flashcard (69)