BIOCHEM PART 6 (pentose phosphate pathway)

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30 Terms

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2 NADPH and Pentoses

Pentose Phosphate Pathway Products

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  • Phosphogluconate Pathway

  • Hexose Monophosphate Shunt

Pentose Phosphate Pathway is also known as

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glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

the enzyme that helps to catalyze:

Glucose-6-phosphate —> 6- phosphogluconolactone

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Gluconolactonase

the enzyme that helps to catalyze:

6- phosphogluconolactone —> 6-phosphogluconate

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6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase

the enzyme that helps to catalyze:

6-phosphogluconate —> ribulose 5 -phosphate

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2 NADPH

Final product of oxidative stage of pentose phosphate pathway

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Ribulose-5-phosphate Isomerase

the enzyme that helps to catalyze:

Ribulose-5-phosphate —> Ribose-5-phosphate

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Ribose-5-phosphate

it is needed for the synthesis of RNA

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Ribulose-5-phosphate- 3-Epimerase

the enzyme that helps to catalyze:

Ribulose-5-phosphate —> xylulose-5-phosphate

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Transketolase

the enzyme that helps to condense:

xylulose-5-phosphate + Erythrose-4-phosphate —> glyceraldehyde -3- phosphate & Fructose 6- phosphate

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Transketolase

the enzyme that helps to condense

Ribose-5-phosphate + xylulose-5-phosphate —>Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate & glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate

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Transaldolase

the enzyme that helps to catalyze

Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate —>Erythrose-4-phosphate

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Transaldolase

the enzyme that helps to catalyze:

glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate —> fructose 6 phosphate

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TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE

if Ribose-5-phosphate can’t undergo RNA synthesis, it will condense with Xylulose-5-P to create other subtrates.

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Non-Oxidative stage of PPP

Main function is to RECYCLE PRODUCTS

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NADPH

it is important IN THE SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACIDS and to keep our master antioxidant glutathione reduced

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  1. GLUTAMIC ACID

  2. CYSTEINE

  3. GLYCINE

The three amino acids in Glutathione

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Glutathione

Tripeptide with a free -SH group (thus the abbreviation, GSH)

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TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE

Reduced Glutathione helps in deactivating PEROXIDES, which can cause cellular damage.

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disulfide bridge (GSSG)

When oxidized in detoxification of free radicals such as peroxides, the product is a dimeric form of the peptide, held together by a __

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Hemolytic Anemia

  • Deficiency of Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase causes a reduced level of available NADPH

  • premature death of RBCs

  • Denaturation and aggregation of hemoglobin leads to this type of anemia

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lower levels of reduced glutathione

Lower levels of NADPH lead to ___

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SH

__ group in hemoglobin is destabilized and causes it to denature and aggregate

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reduced glutathione

antioxidant of RBC

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Pamaquine, Fava Beans

Hemolytic anemia is worsened by the intake of drugs and food that are converted to peroxides, such as _____________(and other Quinine Derivatives) and __________ Beans

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Cori Cycle

  • Prevent the accumulation of LACTIC ACID/lactate

  • Regenerate NAD for ATP synthesis

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Glucose

Cori Cycle maintains adequate supply of ____________for tissues that cannot perform gluconeogenesis (such as the brain)

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TRUE

TRUE OR FALSE

in case of vigorous activities, Pyruvate is converted to Lactate

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Fatigue & Muscle Pain

Too much Lactate in Muscle can cause

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NADPH

Glutathione’s reducing agent