Modernist Photography--> Leaf Pattern

How long had photography been around by the end of WWI?

80 years

When did Pictorialism become popular?

1890s and 1900s

Pictorialism helped to promote the idea of photography as…?

Art

When did Pictorialism decline?

1910s

What art movements embraced photography as essential to their work?

Constructivism, Dadaism, and Surrealism

Pictorialism often used a ______ focus

Soft

When and where was Imogen Cunningham born?

Portland, Oregon, 1883

Where did Cunningham grow up?

Seattle, Washington

When was Leaf Pattern made?

Before 1929

When did Cunningham begin to study photography?

Her sophomore year at the University of Washington

What was Cunningham’s major?

Chemistry

What did Cunningham write her thesis on?

The Scientific Development of Photography

True or False: The knowledge of chemicals was extremely important for photographers in the 1900s

False

Who did Cunningham work for between 1907-1909

Ethnographer Edward S. Curtis

When was Curtis’ book about Native American peoples commissioned?

1906

Who introduced Cunningham to other Pictorialists between 1909-1910?

Alvin Langdon Coburn

Where did Cunningham travel to 1909-1910?

Germany, France, and the Eastern US

When and where did Cunningham set up her first studio?

Seattle, 1910

What types of works did Cunningham do in her early career?

Portrait photographs

What might you see in Cunningham’s early pictorialist work?

Friends dressed in elaborate costumes echoing 19th century plays and literature

What artists were similar to Cunningham’s early practice?

F. Holland Day and Clarence White

What was the main goal of Day, White, and Cunningham’s early style?

To evoke emotional states or spark memories/associates in the viewer with dreamlike visions

Who did Cunningham marry and when?

George Roy “Roi” Partridge, 1915

When did the Cunningham Partridge family move to San Fransisco?

1917

How many children did Cunningham have by 1917?

Three

When did Cunningham meet Edward Weston?

1920

Where was Weston based in?

Los Angeles

Who was the unofficial leader of the West Coast modernist photographers?

Edward Weston

When did Cunningham begin to move away from Pictorialism?

1923

What is common to see in Cunningham’s style after 1923?

Closely cropped and sharp focused images of plants

What American artist was similar to Cunningham’s mid-career style?

Paul Strand

What did Cunningham most likely take inspiration from in the 1920s?

German New Objectivity

Who were the ‘founders’ of New Objectivity?

Albert Renger-Patzsch and Franz Roh

What movement did New Objectivity reject?

German Expressionism

What was the goal of New Objectivity?

To create images without interference or manipulation by the photographer

What magazines did Cunningham subscribed to?

Das Deutsche Lichtbuild (German Photography Annual)

Where did Renger-Patzsch publish his images of plants?

Das Deutsche Lichtbild

How many of Cunningham’s works were accepted to Film und Foto?

10 including Leaf Pattern

What is the English translation of Film und Foto?

Film and Photography

Where was Film und Foto held?

Stuttgart, Germany

Film und Foto exhibited works from what style?

New Objectivity

When did f/64 form?

1932

What does the f-stop on a camera do?

Determine the size of the lens opening and how much light the camera lets in

The setting f/64 creates images that look _______

Sharp

Who were the members of f/64?

Weston, Cunninhgam, Alma Lavenson, Conseulo Kanaga, Ansel Adams, and Willard van Dyck

How can you describe the style of f/64?

Closely cropped, sharply focused, and dramatic light with extreme contrasts of light and dark

In Weston’s essay “Seeing Photographically”, he claimed photography was different from other art by its…?

Mechanical nature

How did Pictorialists make their photos look more like paintings?

By adding hand drawn elements or colors

Leaf Pattern distinctly lacks a….

Sense of scale

When did f/64 break up?

Early 1960s

How long was Cunningham associated with f/64?

A short time

After leaving f/64, Cunningham began to do what?

Portrait photographs

What magazines did Cunningham work for in her later career?

House and Garden and Life

When did Cunningham pass away?

1976

In what ways is Leaf Pattern manipulated?

Cunningham had to choose the cropping, lighting, and content of the picture