Science Test (sexual reproduction & genetics)

Mitosis

Cell division that forms body cells

DNA

the molecule that carries genetic information for all living organisms

Traits

Characteristics the parents pass down to the offspring

Homozygous/Heterozygous

HOMO: organism with two of the same gene (ex.: RR, rr)

HETERO: organism with two different genes (ex.: Rr)

Human reproduction

• a sperm enters an ovum

• turns into a zygote

• which results in a 9 month pregnancy

Flower reproduction

Flowers reproduce by: 

• Environment: wind/stream 

• Animals pooping seeds

• Natural bursting

Gregor Mendel

• A pioneer in the study of heredity

• an Austrian monk who experimented with pea plants.

• discovered dominant and recessive traits 

Pregnancy

When an offspring is developing in a womb.

Risks of unhealthy practices during pregnancy

• low birth weight, miscarriage, and long-term developmental problems, FASD

• This is caused by smoking, alcohol consumption, and unsafe food choices

why do gametes have half the number of chromosomes found in body cells.

• so they can pair up with another gamete.

• the mom gives 23 chromosomes, and the dad gives another 23,

• This allows for the offspring to have the appropriate amount of chromosomes. 

What are the goals/advantages of parenting in reproduction?

Successfully raising offspring to be better in life by teaching and/or helping them survive until they reach maturity.

Explain cancer.

• Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.

• It’s dangerous because it uses a lot of your body's energy

• can make your body shut down.

How do flowering plants rely on the environment to reproduce successfully?

• They rely on the environment to disperse their seeds.

• through wind, water, or animals. (like bees pollinating, and when an animal poops it out after eating it.

Flower diagram

1- Petal

2- Stamen

3- Anther

4- Filament

5– Sepal

6- Stem

7- Pistil

8- Ovule

9- Ovary

10- Style

11- Stigma

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Male Reproductive Anatomy

Punnett square

Incomplete dominance

How are mitosis and meiosis different?

the reproduction of one's own cells, or two different cells reproducing.

What kind of cells are created by meiosis?

gametes: sperm, eggs

Determining gender (punnett square)