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What common distressing symptoms are experienced by patients with advanced cancer?
Pain, breathlessness, nausea and vomiting, and fatigue.
What is the purpose of symptom management in oncology?
To improve patient and family quality of life, enhance treatment compliance, and possibly offer survival advantages.
What percentage of patients with advanced cancer experience pain?
35% to 96%.
How does the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Revised (ESAS-r) assess symptoms?
By using 11-point numeric rating scales to measure the intensity of nine symptoms, with an option for an additional patient-specific symptom.
What role do PROMs (patient-reported outcome measures) play in cancer care?
They improve symptom assessment, help identify unmet needs, and assist clinicians in decision making.
What are the two key pharmacologic approaches for managing cancer pain?
Nonopioid analgesics for mild to moderate pain, and opioids for moderate to severe pain.
What nonpharmacologic treatments are recommended for managing cancer pain?
Physical therapies (like massage and acupuncture) and cognitive modalities (like relaxation and imagery exercises).
What are common causes of breathlessness in advanced cancer patients?
Underlying conditions like broncoconstriction, and contributing factors like anxiety or insufficient oxygen.
Which antiemetic is recommended for nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy?
Olanzapine or neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists, as per ASCO guidelines.
What is the significance of addressing fatigue in patients with advanced cancer?
Fatigue is highly prevalent, affecting patients' ability to function and overall quality of life.
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