Cellular organelles / functions

Where is DNA located in bacterial cells

in the cytoplasm (nucleoid)

Prokaryotic / Eukaryotic similarities

• ribosomes: all cells make proteins

• plasma membrane: surrounds the outside of the cell

• cytoplasm

Special to prokaryotic cells:

• double membrane

• flagellum (sometimes)

• cell wall

Special to Eukaryotic Cells:

• Mitochondria

• Nuclear pore

• Nucleolus

• Nucleus

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi

• Centrioles

Mitochondria

ATP production via cellular respiration

cytoskeleton

structural support, transport, and cell movement

Nuclear Pore

Regulated transport between nucleus and cytoplasm

Nucleolus

rRNA sythesis and ribosome assembly

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Protein and lipid synthesis and modification

Ribosomes

Protein synthesis

Plasma membrane

Selective barrier controlling entry and exit

Golgi

(FEDEX) Modifies, sorts, and ships proteins and lipids

Centrioles

Organize microtubules for cell division and motility

Plants have…

Chloroplast (basically the mitochondria of the plant)

Rough ER

has ribosomes, synthesizes proteins for secretion and membrane insertion.

Smooth ER

lacks ribosomes, synthesizes lipids and detoxifies

where do newly made proteins and lipids go from the ER

to the GOLGI

microtubules

are structural components of the cytoskeleton, providing support and aiding in intracellular transport and cell division.

DAPI

emits fluerescence upon binding to DNA

Phalloidin

binds to actin and prevents it from disassembling, stabilizing the cytoskeleton. Scientists have used (by attaching various fluorescent dyes)

electron microscopy

highest possible resolution picture of an organelle or small structure, but the picture is black and white, and cannot be done on living material.

Fluorescence Microscopy

make certain organelles glow different colors by using fluorescent dyes or proteins.