PHI 13 Truth Tables Review

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13 Terms

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Jointly Possible

Everything are all true together

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Contingent

A sentence which is capable of being true and capable of being false

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Necessary Truth

A sentence which is incapable of being false

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Necessary Falsehood

A sentence which is incapable of being true

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Equivalent

Two sentences that have the same truth value in every case

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Argument

A sequence of sentences ending in a CONCLUSION

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Premises

Sentences purporting to logically entail the conclusion

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Valid argument

There are no hypothetical case (counterexample) where the premises are TRUE and the conclusion FALSE

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Tautology

A sentence which is true on all valuations (true on all rows)

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Contradiction

A sentence which is false on all valuations (the sentence is false on all rows)

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Inconsistent

when you can prove a contradiction

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Soundness

A proof system in which if a certain statement can be proven true, it is also true in all models of that system.

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Completeness

A proof system where if a statement is true in all models, there is a proof of that statement within the system.