PE

First quiz ni mother (UNEXPECTED LA PAGUD!??!)

Physical Education

Is an integral part of the education program purposely to promote the optimum development of the individual physically, socially, emotionally and mentally through total movement in the performance of properly selected physical activities (Andin, 2002).

1901

Physical exercise was one of the subjects introduced in the public schools and regular program of athletics was developed.

1920

Physical Education was made a required subject in the curriculum of all public schools.

1937

Physical education was made curricular subject in the secondary school curriculum.

1969

The school of Physical Education and Sports Development Act of 1969. A program of activities included among others.

Sports Development Act of 1969

1. A program of health education and nutrition,

2. A program of health for all pupils,

3. A program of competitive athletics,

4. A program of intramurals and inter-unit athletics competition within schools, districts, and provinces; and

5. An annual athletics competition within and among regions.

1982

MAPE was introduce and the learning area involves music, art and physical education.

Articles XIV Section 19(1) & (2) of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

“The state shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league competitions and amateur sports, including training for international competitions, to foster self-discipline, teamwork and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.”

Articles XIV Section 19(1) & (2) of the 1987 Philippine Constitution

“All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.”

Biological Function

Refers to the enhancement of the individuals’ growth and development through body movement.

Integrative Function

Refers to the personality integration achievement through participation in properly selected physical activities.

Social Function

Refers to the transmitting values and standards that are consistent with the needs and ideals of the society.

Physical Development

Physical education activities an individual who participates energetically will develop and maintain good health and a high level of physical fitness.

Social Development

Involvement in physical education activities provides opportunities for the development of enviable social traits needed for adjustment to the social life in general.

Social Development

• Friendliness

• Cooperation

• Respect for the right of others

• Good sportsmanship

• Good leadership and followership

• Honestly in group competition

Emotional Development

The informal nature of physical education activities offers opportunities for self-expression mastery.

Emotional Development

• Self-confidence

• Self-control

• Self-reliance

• Courage

• Determination

Mental Development

Through participation in physical education activities, the individual develops his mental capacities and she learns the mechanical principles of underlying movements, as he obtains knowledge and understanding of the rules and strategies of the games and sports.

Objectives of Physical Education

Physical Development, Social Development, Emotional Development, Mental Development

Importance of Physical Education

1. Increased concentration and focus.

2. Fights child obesity.

3. Better quality of sleep.

4. Relieves stress.

5. Reduces levels of depression and anxiety.

6. Increase leadership skills and teamwork.

7. Positive body image.

8. Self-discipline.

9. Boosts confidence.

10. Develops motors skills and improves behavior.

Physical Fitness

Is the ability to perform one’s daily task efficiently without undue fatigue but with extra “reserve” in case of emergency

Concepts of Physical Fitness

1. Organic Vigor 2. Endurance 3. Strength 4. Power 5. Flexibility 6. Agility 7. Balance 8. Speed

Organic Vigor

Refers to the soundness of the heart and lungs which contribute to the ability to resist disease

Endurance

Is the ability to sustain long continued contractions where a number of muscle groups are used: the capacity to bear or last in a certain tasks without undue fatigue

Strength

Is the capacity to sustain the application of force without yielding or breaking; the ability of the muscles to exert effort against a resistance

Power

The ability to exert maximum muscular contraction instantly in an explosive burst of movements

Flexibility

The ability of a joint or series of joints to move through an unrestricted, pain free range of motion.

Agility

The ability to rapidly change body direction, accelerate, or decelerate

Balance

Is the ability to control organic equipment neuro-muscularly; a state of equilibrium

Speed

Is the ability to make successive movement of the same kind in the shortest period of time

Components of Physical Fitness

Health-Related Fitness, Performance Related Fitness

Health-Related Fitness

Muscular strength, Muscular Endurance, Cardiovascular Endurance, Flexibility, Body Composition

Performance Related Fitness

Balance, Coordination, Agility, Speed, Power

Muscular strength

Refers to the ability of the muscle to exert maximum effort in brief duration

Isotonic Contraction

Are voluntary contractions in which muscles shorten and lengthen alternately. The muscle contracts at varying speed against a resistance.

Two types of Isotonic Contraction

Concentric Contraction & Eccentric Contraction

Concentric Contraction

the muscle tension rises to meet the resistance then remains stable as the muscle shortens.

Eccentric Contraction

the muscle lengthens as the resistance becomes greater than the force the muscle is producing.

Isometric Contraction

are another type of contractions on which muscles are contracted against an immovable resistance.

Muscular Endurance

refers to the ability of the muscle to endure a sub maximal effort for a prolonged period of time. Performing a strength exercise such as push-up over a long period of time.

Cardiovascular Endurance

refers to the ability of the heart, blood vessels and the lungs to adapt to physical exertion for a prolonged duration.

Flexibility

is the ability of the muscles and joints to go through a full range motion.

Type of Stretching

Ballistic Stretching, Static Stretching, Dynamic Stretching, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)

Ballistic Stretching

uses muscle contractions to force muscle elongates the muscle with each repetition.

Static Stretching

this involves slowly stretching a segment of the body to the farthest point and holding that position for at least 15-30 sec

Dynamic Stretching

is the use of muscle’s own force production and the body’s momentum to take a joint through the full available range of motion.

Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)

it involves the contract-relax approach to stretching. During the contract-relax, the partner attempts to move the limb at its lengthened range of motion.

Body Composition

refers to the proportion of lean body mass to fat body mass. It stresses one’s relative fatness or leanness in relation to height

Ectomorph

Long and lean, with little body fat, and little muscle.

Mesomorph

body types with a naturally high muscle-to-fat ratio.

Endomorph

softer bodies with curves. They have a wide waist and hips and large bones, though they may or may not be overweight. Their weight is often in their hips, thighs, and lower abdomen.

Balance

is the ability to maintain equilibrium in relation to changes in body position

Coordination

is the harmonious working relationship between the skeletal muscle and nerves in one aspect of movement.

Agility

is the ability of an individual to quickly shift or change direction of the body from one point to another.

Speed

is the ability to perform a task or move from one point to another in the shortest possible of time.

Power

is the ability to perform one maximum effort in a short period of time. It is a product of both strength and speed as seen in many sport activities such as track and field and weightlifting.

Benefits of Physical Fitness

1. Vitality

2. Posture

3. Relieve low-back pain

4. Retards aging process

5. Physical fitness and ability to meet emergencies

6. Neuromuscular skill

7. Relaxation

8. Improvement of personality an social skills

9. Mental fitness

10. General growth