First quiz ni mother (UNEXPECTED LA PAGUD!??!)
Physical Education
Is an integral part of the education program purposely to promote the optimum development of the individual physically, socially, emotionally and mentally through total movement in the performance of properly selected physical activities (Andin, 2002).
1901
Physical exercise was one of the subjects introduced in the public schools and regular program of athletics was developed.
1920
Physical Education was made a required subject in the curriculum of all public schools.
1937
Physical education was made curricular subject in the secondary school curriculum.
1969
The school of Physical Education and Sports Development Act of 1969. A program of activities included among others.
Sports Development Act of 1969
1. A program of health education and nutrition,
2. A program of health for all pupils,
3. A program of competitive athletics,
4. A program of intramurals and inter-unit athletics competition within schools, districts, and provinces; and
5. An annual athletics competition within and among regions.
1982
MAPE was introduce and the learning area involves music, art and physical education.
Articles XIV Section 19(1) & (2) of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
“The state shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league competitions and amateur sports, including training for international competitions, to foster self-discipline, teamwork and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry.”
Articles XIV Section 19(1) & (2) of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
“All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.”
Biological Function
Refers to the enhancement of the individuals’ growth and development through body movement.
Integrative Function
Refers to the personality integration achievement through participation in properly selected physical activities.
Social Function
Refers to the transmitting values and standards that are consistent with the needs and ideals of the society.
Physical Development
Physical education activities an individual who participates energetically will develop and maintain good health and a high level of physical fitness.
Social Development
Involvement in physical education activities provides opportunities for the development of enviable social traits needed for adjustment to the social life in general.
Social Development
Friendliness
Cooperation
Respect for the right of others
Good sportsmanship
Good leadership and followership
Honestly in group competition
Emotional Development
The informal nature of physical education activities offers opportunities for self-expression mastery.
Emotional Development
Self-confidence
Self-control
Self-reliance
Courage
Determination
Mental Development
Through participation in physical education activities, the individual develops his mental capacities and she learns the mechanical principles of underlying movements, as he obtains knowledge and understanding of the rules and strategies of the games and sports.
Objectives of Physical Education
Physical Development, Social Development, Emotional Development, Mental Development
Importance of Physical Education
1. Increased concentration and focus.
2. Fights child obesity.
3. Better quality of sleep.
4. Relieves stress.
5. Reduces levels of depression and anxiety.
6. Increase leadership skills and teamwork.
7. Positive body image.
8. Self-discipline.
9. Boosts confidence.
10. Develops motors skills and improves behavior.
Physical Fitness
Is the ability to perform one’s daily task efficiently without undue fatigue but with extra “reserve” in case of emergency
Concepts of Physical Fitness
1. Organic Vigor 2. Endurance 3. Strength 4. Power 5. Flexibility 6. Agility 7. Balance 8. Speed
Organic Vigor
Refers to the soundness of the heart and lungs which contribute to the ability to resist disease
Endurance
Is the ability to sustain long continued contractions where a number of muscle groups are used: the capacity to bear or last in a certain tasks without undue fatigue
Strength
Is the capacity to sustain the application of force without yielding or breaking; the ability of the muscles to exert effort against a resistance
Power
The ability to exert maximum muscular contraction instantly in an explosive burst of movements
Flexibility
The ability of a joint or series of joints to move through an unrestricted, pain free range of motion.
Agility
The ability to rapidly change body direction, accelerate, or decelerate
Balance
Is the ability to control organic equipment neuro-muscularly; a state of equilibrium
Speed
Is the ability to make successive movement of the same kind in the shortest period of time
Components of Physical Fitness
Health-Related Fitness, Performance Related Fitness
Health-Related Fitness
Muscular strength, Muscular Endurance, Cardiovascular Endurance, Flexibility, Body Composition
Performance Related Fitness
Balance, Coordination, Agility, Speed, Power
Muscular strength
Refers to the ability of the muscle to exert maximum effort in brief duration
Isotonic Contraction
Are voluntary contractions in which muscles shorten and lengthen alternately. The muscle contracts at varying speed against a resistance.
Two types of Isotonic Contraction
Concentric Contraction & Eccentric Contraction
Concentric Contraction
the muscle tension rises to meet the resistance then remains stable as the muscle shortens.
Eccentric Contraction
the muscle lengthens as the resistance becomes greater than the force the muscle is producing.
Isometric Contraction
are another type of contractions on which muscles are contracted against an immovable resistance.
Muscular Endurance
refers to the ability of the muscle to endure a sub maximal effort for a prolonged period of time. Performing a strength exercise such as push-up over a long period of time.
Cardiovascular Endurance
refers to the ability of the heart, blood vessels and the lungs to adapt to physical exertion for a prolonged duration.
Flexibility
is the ability of the muscles and joints to go through a full range motion.
Type of Stretching
Ballistic Stretching, Static Stretching, Dynamic Stretching, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)
Ballistic Stretching
uses muscle contractions to force muscle elongates the muscle with each repetition.
Static Stretching
this involves slowly stretching a segment of the body to the farthest point and holding that position for at least 15-30 sec
Dynamic Stretching
is the use of muscle’s own force production and the body’s momentum to take a joint through the full available range of motion.
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)
it involves the contract-relax approach to stretching. During the contract-relax, the partner attempts to move the limb at its lengthened range of motion.
Body Composition
refers to the proportion of lean body mass to fat body mass. It stresses one’s relative fatness or leanness in relation to height
Ectomorph
Long and lean, with little body fat, and little muscle.
Mesomorph
body types with a naturally high muscle-to-fat ratio.
Endomorph
softer bodies with curves. They have a wide waist and hips and large bones, though they may or may not be overweight. Their weight is often in their hips, thighs, and lower abdomen.
Balance
is the ability to maintain equilibrium in relation to changes in body position
Coordination
is the harmonious working relationship between the skeletal muscle and nerves in one aspect of movement.
Agility
is the ability of an individual to quickly shift or change direction of the body from one point to another.
Speed
is the ability to perform a task or move from one point to another in the shortest possible of time.
Power
is the ability to perform one maximum effort in a short period of time. It is a product of both strength and speed as seen in many sport activities such as track and field and weightlifting.
Benefits of Physical Fitness
1. Vitality
2. Posture
3. Relieve low-back pain
4. Retards aging process
5. Physical fitness and ability to meet emergencies
6. Neuromuscular skill
7. Relaxation
8. Improvement of personality an social skills
9. Mental fitness
10. General growth