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What are key terms for New Jim Crow?
Structural racism and discrimination, racialized media representatives and narratives (thug stereotype of Trayvon Martin), politics of respectability (a set of beliefs holding that conformity to prescribed mainstream standards of appearance and behavior will protect a marginalized person)
What are the three phases of New Jim Crow?
Roundup: People being swept into the criminal justice system by police, primarily in poor communities of color
Formal control: Defendants generally denied meaningful representation and pressured to plead guilty
Invisible punishment: Sanctions to deny integration into mainstream white society
What are the similarities to old Jim Crow?
Disenfranchisement: the state of being deprived of a right or privilege, especially the right to vote
Political origins: laws and policies passed with intent, rejects idea mass incarceration was an accident, exclusion from juries, courthouse access, segregation, symbolic production of race (what it means to be black)
What are the differences of New and old Jim Crow?
Absence of racial hostility: racism is more closeted and less public
Mass incarceration is more structural racism and it’s normalized
Has white victims as well as black
Some black people support mass incarceration
What are the four standards used by courts to use force?
Need, proportionality, extent of injury, and subjective intent of the officier (have to prove malicious or sadistic intent)
What did Tennessee v. Garner rule?
Must have probable cause to believe a suspect poses a threat of death/injury to the officer or other people
What did Graham v. Connor rule?
“Seizure” of a citizen is covered by Fourth Amendment
“Would a reasonable officer do the same thing or not?”
Lifts malicious/sadistic burden
Who started the BLM movement and when?
Started in 2012 by Alicia Garza, Opal Tometi, and Patrisse Cullors
What are some characteristics of the BLM movement?
Stands for human AND civil rights
Re-humanize: shift blame from individual to structural inequities
Rejects politics of respectability
Counterpublics: Emphasis on the intersectional
What was the George Flloyd Justice in Policing Act of 2021?
Established a national standard for the operation of police departments
Mandated data collection on police encounters
Reprogramed existing funds to invest in transformative community-based policing programs
Streamline federal law to prosecute excessive force and establish independent prosecutors for police investigation
