BIO 222 Lecture7.DigestiveSystemAnatomy.Part2 Review

BIO 222 Anatomy & Physiology 2

mouth.

ingestion.

mechanical digestion (mastication).

propulsion (swallowing).

secretion (by salivary glands).

chemical digestion (salivary amylase).

oral cavity

throat.

propulsion (swallowing).

LIMITED secretion.

pharynx

propulsion (swallowing).

LIMITED secretion.

esophagus

digestion (chemical/mechanical).

propulsion.

secretion.

limited absorption.

stomach

digestion (chemical/mechanical).

propulsion.

secretion.

absorption.

small Intestine

propulsion.

LIMITED secretion.

absorption.

defecation.

large Intestine

releases hormones

endocrine

Secrete multiple enzymes from acinar cells that empty via duct into alimentary canal

exocrine

Receives secretions from acinar cells

accessory and pancreatic duct

Water, multiple enzymes, other proteins.

Bicarbonate ions (makes juice alkaline).

pancreatic juice

Liver 4 lobes

right

left

caudate

quadrate

separates right & left.

Anchors liver to abdominal wall.

falciform ligament

Remnant of umbilical vein

round ligament

Suspend liver from diaphragm

coronary ligament

Numerous vessels, lymph vessels, & nerves enter/exit

porta hepatis

Basic unit of liver.

Composed of hepatocytes.

Arranged in shape of hexagon.

Arranged in stacks.

Central vein.

liver lobule

in center of lobule

central vein

exchange materials directly with the hepatocytes

sinusoids

feeds deoxygenated blood into the hepatic vein

central vein

ductule, portal vein branch, & hepatic artery branch

triad

Yellowish coloration of eyes, skin, & mucous membranes.

Caused by build up of bilirubin (formed by breaking down the heme in aged RBCs).

Bilirubin goes to liver & should be excreted in the bile.

jaundice

too much bilirubin produced

prehepatic jaundice

congenital liver diseases, cirrhosis of liver, hepatitis

hepatic jaundice

blockage of bile drainage

extrahepatic jaundice

Small sac that sits on posterior liver.

Receives most of the bile.

Stores the bile, concentrates it, & releases it.

Common bile duct.

Hepatopancreatic ampulla.

gall bladder

Cystic duct + hepatic duct

common bile duct

Common bile duct + main pancreatic duct.

Surrounded by hepatopancreatic sphincter.

hepatopancreatic ampulla

mechanical digestion

teeth

Mechanical digestion Propulsion (sense of taste)

tongue

Secretion (allows for mechanical and chemical digestion).

Chemical digestion (of carbohydrates).

salivary glands

Secretion (enzymes for chemical digestion) (bicarbonate to neutralize acidic chyme)

pancreas

Mechanical digestion (via bile production).

Excretion.

liver

Mechanical digestion (stores, concentrates, & releases bile)

gallbladder