Science notes lesson one

universe

 is everything - including all space, matter, time, 13.7 billion years old

galaxy cluster

Largest objects in the universe, dark matter accounts for 85% of their mass

galaxy group

Smaller groups of 50 or less galaxies held by gravity. our galaxy is in a local group  with Andromeda and Triangulum.

galaxy

A concentration of 100 billion (or more) stars, dust, gas and matter held by gravity.

solar system

all of our plants

plant

Criteria: 1. Must orbit a star     2. Enough mass so its gravity forms it into a sphere      3. Enough mass so that its gravity creates a clear orbit (free from other objects of a similar size)

biosphere

Regions of the Earth’s crust, waters, and atmosphere inhabited by living things

biome

A group of ecosystems with similar living and nonliving thing on (terrestrial bipme) or water aquatic biome

ecosystem

A community plus its non-living (abiotic

community

Interacting populations of different species in a particular area.

population

Several organisms of the same kind (species) in a particular area.

organism

An individual living thing that contains several organ systems.

organ

Composed of a number of tissues and organized for a particular task in a system.

tissue

A group of cells wot a common structure and function

cell

the smallest unit of a living thing

molecule

a non-living substance that makes a cell

atom

the smallest unit of a molecule

ecosystem

contains several habitats, which are placing organism live. contains habitats that are found on land, and habitats that are found in ocean, terrestrial, aquatic habitats

biotic

• All living (or once living) components of an ecosystem.

abiotic

• All non-living components of an ecosystem.

what is a ecological niche niches

• all interactions an organism has with its environment.

ATMOSPHERE

• Layer of gases that surround the planet.

LITHOSPHERE

• Earth’s solid outer layer.

• Sometimes called geosphere.

HYDROSPHERE

Biosphere

he zone around Earth where life can exist!

Food chain

• a sequence of organisms, each feeding on the next,

scavenger

an organism that feeds on the remains of animals, ex. vultures

detritvores

an organism that feeds on decaying organic matter

food web

the representation of all the feeding relationships within a community

First Law

Energy can be changed from one form to another, but cannot be created nor

destroyed.

Second Law

Each time energy is transferred; some energy is lost mainly as heat.

what is the energy form the sun called

solar radiation energy, including uv enegry, and light enegry

what is the main source of photosynthetically

light enegry

what is photosynthetically

is the process in which the sun energy is converted to chemical energy

cellular respiration

is the process in what store chemical energy is released. ( can be used by the organism all organism can carry out this process

carbon compounds

carbon compounds like carbon dioxide or sugar help carry energy throughout an ecosystem

carbon cycle

is a series of processes that moves carbon between the abiotic and biotic parts of the ecosystem

what is carbon

it is an instrumental element in ecosystems

what is chrorophyll

it traps light, stores its energy in sugar, and is what makes plants green

carbon dioxide

is a gas that is present in the atmosphere and is formed when any foul containing carbon is burned