Diya Chandrasekhar CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Anatomy

What does ana- mean?

up

What does tome mean?

cutting

What is the definition of anatomy?

the scientific study of body structure(morphology) and development

Who was Andreas Vesalius?

16th century Father of Anatomy (dissected bodies in university)

What is the nomina anatomica?

Anatomic Names(agreed upon globally at international congress of anatomists)

What is the definition of physiology?

the scientific study of how the body functions(biochemical processes)

What are the 6 levels of organization within the human body?

1- chemical - 2- cellular - 3- tissue - 4- organ - 5- system - 6- organism

What is gross anatomy?

general body structures that are visible to the naked eye

What is surface anatomy?

the external/surface anatomy of the body

What does palpate mean?

To touch/feel

What is radiological anatomy?

Scans- using x-rays, MRIs, CAT Scans, Angiograms, & Ultrasounds to view internal anatomy

What is systemic anatomy?

The systems within the body(cardiovascular, etc)

What is histology?

The scientific study of the 4 tissues types within the body

What is cytology?

The scientific study of cells

What is embryology?

The scientific study of pre-natal(before birth) development

What is Teratology?

The scientific study of birth defects

What is a zygote?

A fertilized ovum(egg)

What is comparative anatomy?

The comparison of human anatomy to that of other organisms

What does patho- mean?

Abnormal

What is superior?

toward the head

What is inferior?

Toward the tail-end of the body

What is anterior(ventral)?

toward the front of the body

What is posterior (dorsal)?

toward the back of the body

What is medial?

near the mid-line of the body

What is lateral?

away from the mid-line of the body

What is proximal?

nearer to the torso

What is distal?

farther from the torso

What is superficial (external)?

toward the surface of the body

What is deep (internal)?

deep within the body

What is parietal?

The walls of a cavity

What is visceral?

the covering of an (internal) organ

What is supine?

on back

What is prone?

on belly

What is midsagittal section?

divides body into right and left halves

What is the frontal(coronal) section?

divides body into anterior and posterior portions

What is the transverse section?

divides body into superior and inferior portions

What is the dorsal body cavity?

top half of body- cranial and vertebral cavities together

What is the cranial cavity?

contains brain

What is the vertebral cavity?

formed by vertebral column and contains spinal cord and the beginnings of spinal nerves

What is the thoracic(pleural) cavity?

Chest cavity

What is the abdominal (peritoneum) cavity?

contains stomach, spleen, intestines, liver, gallbladder, and peritoneum(membrane)

What is the pelvic cavity?

contains urinary bladder, portions of large intestine, and internal organs of reproduction.

What separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity?

The Diaphgram

What is the cephalic region?

The head

What is the pectoral region?

The chest

What is the cervical region?

The neck

What is the mammary region?

The breasts

What is the brachial region?

The arm

What does ante- mean?

Front

What is the cubital region?

Back of elbow

What is the carpal region?

wrist

What is the inguinal region?

the groin

What is the crural region?

the leg

What is the patellar region?

anterior(front) surface of the knee

What is the pedal?

the foot

What is the occipital region?

the base of the skull

What is popliteal region?

the hollow behind the knee

What is the calcaneal?

the heel

abdomin/o

abdomen/peritoneum

acr/o

extremity

aden/o

gland

angi/o

vessel

arthr/o

joint

cardi/o

heart

chondr/o

cartilage

cyst/o

bladder

cyt/o

cell

dent/o

tooth

dermat/o

skin

derm/o

skin

duoden/o

duodenum(beginning part of the small intestine)

gastr/o

stomach

hepat/o

liver

laryn/go

larynx (voicebox)

my/o

muscle

nephr/o

kidney

neur/o

nerve

oste/o

bone

ot/o

ear

path/o

disease

pneumon/o

lung

rhin/o

nose

stomat/o

mouth

thorac/o

thorax(chest) /Pleural