GCSE PE: 1C Applied anatomy and physiology

Aerobic respiration written equation

Glucose + Oxygen => Water + Carbon Dioxide + energy

Anaerobic respiration written equation

Glucose => lactic acid + energy

Aerobic exercise definition

Exercise that requires energy supplied by the breaking down of glucose using oxygen

Anaerobic exercise definition

Exercise that requires energy in the absence of oxygen

Due to the build up of lactic acid, performance will be affected by having to:

-slow down -reduce intensity -reduce time exercising -reduce the distance exercised for -stop altogether

This is caused by:

-increased acidity in the muscle cells -reduced contraction capability of muscles -pain -muscle fatigue

Aerobic exercise occurs when…

…the person is exercising at a low intensity usually for a longer period of time

Anaerobic exercise occurs when…

…the person is exercising at a higher intensity for a shorter period of time

What does EPOC stand for

Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption

Oxygen debt refers to…

the amount of oxygen required to remove the build up of lactic acid following anaerobic exercise

What are the 3 factors that determine how long oxygen debt lasts?

1. Duration of exercise 2. Intensity of activity 3. How strenuous the activity is

Immediate effects of exercise

-breathing rate increases -heart rate increases -body temperature increases

Short term effects of exercise

-DOMS - Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness -nausea -cramps -light-headedness

Long term effects of exercise

change in body shape, hypertrophy of the heart, improved components of fitness, lower resting heart rate (bradycardia)

Recovery processes

ice baths, massages, cool down, manipulation of diet