4.1 - Technological Innovations

what were four major reasons for European exploration and expansion to the Americas?

work, food, land, and religious tolerance

_____ laws gave everything to the eldest son

primogeniture

what two technologies were significant to improving travel?

compass and astrolabe

what knowledge improved travel?

cartography

why did Christopher Columbus land on America?

he was searching for another route to India

what was the cause of the Omani-European rivalry?

European merchants competed with Middle Eastern merchants in the Indian Ocean

what goods did America mainly produce?

sugar, tobacco, and rum

what goods did Africa mainly produce?

slaves

what goods did Asia produce?

silk, spices, and rhubarb

the sugarcane led to an alcoholic drink called____, which then led to the _____ of ____ , which resulted in an ______ demand in ______

rum, expansion, plantations, increased, slaves

what was one reason Southeast Asia was special (socially, regarding trade)

Europeans conducted trade with women

which Spanish city facilitated the dispersion of Islamic ideas in Europe?

Al-Andalus

why were the Europeans so successful in navigation?

they combined Greek, Asian, and Islamic knowledge

____ was a key figure in pioneering ____ exploration of Africa’s Coast and Cape of Good Hope

Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal

how did Isaac Newton contribute to the growth of maritime empires?

by increasing knowledge of the tides

what was the astrolabe specifically used for?

telling the northern or southern distance from equator

what shape is the lateen sail?

triangle

lateen sails could ___, while square sails could ____

catch winds on either sides, only catch winds in one direction

the best ship for fast long travel was the ____ consisting of ___

caravel, lateen sails

the biggest ship used for trade was called the ___ and was invented by the ___

carrack, Portuguese

____ helped bring Asian, Islamic, and Greek knowledge to Europeans

trade routes

the crop ___ was most significant in contributing to European exploration because it _____

potato, expanded European population

lateen sails were first used by ____ merchants in the _____

Arab, Indian Ocean

how did gunpowder influence social structures in the period 1450-1750?

it led to cultural blending or displacement of cultures