Personality and Sleep Disorders Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to personality disorders and sleep disorders, helping students prepare for their exam.

What is defined as a periodic and temporary interruption of wakefulness?

Sleep.

What are the primary sleep disorders mentioned?

Insomnia, narcolepsy, hypersomnia, Kleine-Levin syndrome, syndroma Pickwick, sleep apnea.

What characterizes narcolepsy?

Recurrent episodes of involuntary sleep that the individual cannot control.

Define hypersomnia.

A condition characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and episodes of prolonged sleepiness after awakening.

What does Kleine-Levin syndrome involve?

Periodic hypersomnia, polyphagia, mood changes, and cognitive disorders.

What is sleep apnea?

Interruptions in breathing during nocturnal sleep.

What are parasomnias?

Abnormal behaviors during sleep, such as sleepwalking and sleep talking.

What characterizes insomnia?

Unsatisfactory quantity and/or quality of sleep, leading to non-restorative sleep.

List the criteria for diagnosing insomnia.

Difficulty falling asleep, maintaining sleep, early morning awakening, feeling tired after a night's sleep.

How is insomnia classified based on duration?

Acute, transient, short-term, and chronic insomnia.

What categories can the causes of insomnia be divided into?

Exogenous factors, physical illnesses, mental disorders, specific sleep disorders.

Name some exogenous precipitating factors for insomnia.

Travel, stress, night shift work, hospitalization, emotional arousal.

List some physical conditions that can cause insomnia.

Neurological disorders, rheumatic conditions, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, renal diseases, endocrine disorders.

What mental disorders are associated with insomnia?

Depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders, substance abuse.

What is sleep hygiene?

Practices that promote consistent sleep patterns and better sleep quality.

What are some recommended sleep hygiene measures?

Consistently wake at the same time, avoid stimulants before sleep, have a conducive sleep environment.

What is obsessive-compulsive personality disorder characterized by?

Diligence, perfectionism, rigidity, cautiousness, and an inability to enjoy life.

What defines avoidant personality disorder?

Fearfulness, feelings of insecurity, desire for acceptance, sensitivity to rejection.

Describe the characteristics of narcissistic personality disorder.

Exaggerated self-esteem, preoccupation with success, need for attention, lack of empathy.

What does histrionic personality disorder involve?

Surface emotions, self-dramatization, attention-seeking behavior, and suggestibility.

What are the characteristics of antisocial personality disorder?

Conflict with the law, lack of guilt, inability to delay gratification, absence of close friends.

Define binge-eating disorder.

Recurrent episodes of excessive food intake with a sense of loss of control.

What is the most common prevalence of anorexia nervosa?

10 to 20 times more common in girls than boys.

What are the characteristics of bulimia nervosa?

Recurrent episodes of excessive food intake followed by compensatory behaviors like vomiting or laxatives.

Identify two subtypes of anorexia nervosa.

Restrictive type and binge-eating/purging type.

What are paraphilias?

Disorders of sexual preference, including various atypical sexual interests.

What is the treatment basis for chronic insomnia?

Pharmacotherapy and sleep hygiene measures.

What should individuals with insomnia avoid before bedtime?

Engaging in important activities, napping, and stimulants.

What is emotionally unstable personality disorder characterized by?

Emotional instability, impulsiveness, and mood swings.

Define mild emotional instability in borderline personality disorder.

Affective instability, identity disturbance, and difficulty tolerating solitude.