Respiratory System - Grade 8

Functions of Respiratory System

1) Moves oxygen from the outside environment into the body

2) Removes carbon dioxide and water from the body

Cellular respiration

Process where oxygen and glucose undergo complex chemical series of chemical reactions

Breathing

Movement of air into the lungs

Systems necessary for cellular respiration

Circulatory, Digestive, Respiratory

Path of Air

1) Air enters the body through the nose

2) Air moves from nose to pharynx

3) Air moves from pharynx to trachea

4) Air moves from trachea to Bronchi (passages that direct air to lungs)

Function of the nose in the respiratory system

1) Takes in air from outside the body

2) Produces mucus that moistens air and keeps nasal cavity from drying out

Cilia

Tiny, hair-like extensions that cells have to move mucus into the throat in a sweeping motion

The pharynx is part of what 2 systems?

Digestive and Respiratory

What is the trachea lined with?

Mucus and Cilia

What happens when food blocks the opening of the trachea?

Choking

What happens when particles irritate the lining of the trachea?

You cough

What are the main organs of the respiratory system?

The lungs

Each bronchus divides into smaller tubes called:

Bronchioles

What are alveoli?

Tiny sacs of lung tissues that specialize in the movement of gases between air and blood

What is the pharynx?

Throat

Another name for trachea?

Windpipe

Bronchi

Passages that direct air into the lungs

What is Gas Exchange?

The process where oxygen passes through the walls of the alveoli to capillaries and then to the blood. Then, carbon dioxide and water pass from the blood into the alveoli

Diaphragm

Large, dome-shaped muscle that plays an important part in breathing

Larynx (vocal cords)

Produce sound as air moves over them, allowing for speech

What is the function of the trachea?

The cilia and mucus that line this tube continue to clean and moisten air.

What is the function of the nasopharynx?

The mucus in this organ helps to keep the nasal lining from drying out, and traps dust and bacteria. The cilia help move the mucus into the trachea.

What are the REACTANTS of respiration?

Glucose and oxygen

What are the PRODUCTS of respiration?

Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (energy)