Unit 1A: Principles of Government
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23 Terms
legislative power
Makes the laws
executive power
Enforces the laws
judicial power
Interprets laws and settles disputes
nation state
Has well defined borders, a sovereign government and a connected population
separation of powers
The division of the legislative, judicial and executive powers between the 3
confederation
A loose organization of mostly sovereign states for the purpose of defense and peace
unitary government
A centralized government in which all government powers belong to a single, central agency
Federal government
Form of gov, whereby the powers of governance are divided between the national gov and state/local gov’s
compromise
To come together, usually by sacrificing part of what one desires
public policy
All the actions the gov takes to try to address the concerns of the people
Constitution
The body of fundamental laws, setting out the principle structures and process of gov
sovereign
Having supreme power in its own territory; not subordinate to any other power
mixed economy
In economy, that mixes private and public ownership of capital goods and production
free enterprise System
Economic system characterized by private ownership of capital goods and investments that are controlled by private decisions rather than governmental direction
oligarchy
Ruled by a few Ex: China
democracy
Ruled by the people
autocracy
Ruled by one person
Direct democracy
Participation by all people Ex: Costa Rica
representative democracy
People elect representatives Ex: USA, France, Canada
distribution of powers options
Unitary (central gov rules), confederate (strong local gov rules/weak central gov), federal (both rule equally)
Parliamentary system
Parliament elect Prime Minister from majority of coalition party
presidential system
Elected independently of the other, must work together
6 goals in preamble
Keep states working together, fair/reasonable laws, Provide common defense, promote general welfare, secure, individual liberty, ensure domestic tranquility