Infectious Disease in Biomedical Settings Flashcards

Flashcards about Infectious Diseases.

What are the three types of pathogens discussed?

Bacteria, viruses, and fungi

What molecular techniques are used in diagnosing infectious diseases?

PCR and sequencing

What is a challenge in antimicrobial therapies?

Antimicrobial resistance

What is direct contact transmission?

Physical contact with an infected person or their bodily fluids.

What is indirect contact transmission?

Contact with a contaminated object or surface.

What are endemic diseases?

Diseases consistently present in a specific geographic area with a predictable number of cases.

What are epidemic outbreaks?

A sudden increase in the number of disease cases above normal expectations in a specific community or region.

What are pandemic outbreaks?

Disease that spreads over several countries or continents, affecting a large number of people globally.

What are some examples of virulence factors?

Adhesion, invasion, and toxin production.

What methods are used in accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases?

Microbiological culture, serological testing, molecular assays, and imaging studies.

Why is timely diagnosis crucial?

In preventing the spread of infectious diseases within communities

What do NAATs offer?

High sensitivity and specificity in detection of infectious agents

What do AI-driven diagnostic tools do?

Analyze complex datasets, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of pathogen detection.

Why is sensitivity and specificity important?

For evaluating the accuracy and reliability of laboratory test results

What do serological markers show?

Provide valuable insights into the stage of infection and immune response.

What is the importance of rapid antigen tests?

Offer quick identification of infectious agents, supporting prompt clinical decision-making

What are you exploring when understanding the nature of infectious diseases?

Exploring the spread and impact of infectious diseases through various transmission routes and epidemiological patterns.

What is herd immunity?

Its role in protecting communities from infectious disease outbreaks.

What is important when promoting good hygiene practices?

Preventing the spread of infectious diseases in communities.

What is the One Health approach?

A comprehensive strategy to address antimicrobial resistance at the human-animal-environment interface.

What are advanced diagnostic techniques?

Cutting-edge methods for accurate identification of infectious agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility.

What are environmental sanitation practices?

Effective measures to maintain a clean and hygienic environment to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

What measures minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections?

Guidelines for the proper use of PPE to minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections among staff and patients.

What are antibiotic stewardship programs?

Initiatives to optimize the use of antibiotics, combat antimicrobial resistance, and improve patient outcomes.

What are health literacy initiatives?

Efforts to enhance patient understanding of infectious diseases, treatment regimens, and preventive measures.

What are telemedicine and digital health platforms?

Remote consultations, monitoring, and healthcare delivery.