Chapter 31- The endocrine System

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75 Terms

1

Who is in charge of growth maturation reporduction and metabolism aka homeostasis?

endocrine system

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2

endocrine system excretes hormones into the?

blood stream

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3

pituitary gland is the main what?

endocrine gland

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4

The hypothalamus is?

The brain tisse that reserves and regulates hormones via releasing them

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5

Hypothalamus develops when?

develops from brain tissue during embyro stage

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6

posterior love connects to the?

hypothalamus

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7

oxytocin role in what?

parturition by releasing hormones that cause the muscles of the uterine walls to contract and milk production starts in mammary gland

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8

antidiuretic hormone or ADH

hormone that promotes urine formation , water absorption, controls blood pressure changes control in water content

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9

condition diabeties insipidus affects what?

water content in the bloodstream causing the urine to become very dilute

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10

polyuria means?

excessive and uncontrolled urination PU

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11

polydipsia means?

uncontrolled thirst PD

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12

Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is controlled by the?

Hypothalamus

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13

Somatotropin role is to?

be a major growth hormone that increases protein synthesis within the body thus increasing size

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14

Prolactin controls what?

controls milk production

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15

Pituitary gland is called? And WHY

master gland because it controls the thyroid gland which regulates and secrets hormones in the body

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16

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) role is to?

tell the thyroid when to produce thyroxine

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17

Thyroxine purpose is to?

control actions of the thyroid gland and cell metabolism

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18

What are the two hormones that occur in the blood stream that help to identify normal or abnormal thyroid gland production is what?

T3 and T4

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19

T3 role?

more potent and active form of the hormone

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20

T4 role?

hormone is converted into tissues and breaks down fats and helps control cholesterol

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21

Where is the thyroid gland located?

the neck

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22

Thyroid gland has lobes on ?

trachea

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23

T/F thyroid gland lobe is the only endocrine gland that can be palpated when enlarged?

true

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24

parathyroid gland secretes?

parathormone

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25

parathormone helps regulate what?

calcium and phosphorus levels

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26

adrenal glands are cranial to?

kidneys

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27

adrenaline is a chemical released by what and why?

the nervous system that creates in a stress situation fight or flight response

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28

epinephrine is?

short acting

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29

norepinephrine is what?

a longer acting hormone chemical that increases heart rate, blood pressure, blood flow, blood glucose, and metabolism

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30

adrenal glands regulate the function of ACTH or adrenaocorticotropic that controls?

controls bodys blood pressure , releases cholesterol, controls production of steriods

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31

pancreas is the organ that produces and regulates what?

insulin

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32

Insulin is regulated by?

blood glucose levels or blood sugar

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33

Release of insulin is when?

sugar metabolizes as the blood level decresaes and food is digested

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34

gonads are associated with?

reproduction

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35

Hormones 4 major chemical groups are?

fatty acids

steriods

amino acids

peptides

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36

fatty acids control?

hormones involved in estrus in the female heat cycle

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37

steriods regulate chemicals like?

cholesterol in the body

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38

amino acids control?

thyroid gland functions

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39

peptides purpose and size?

largest hormones and control the proteins in the body

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40

The body will send a signal for the necessary hormone function which responds by creating what?

enzymes

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41

enzyme function?

chemicals that create a reaction that changes within the body ( creating and releasing until function is complete)

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42

Diabetes is the result of?

not properly controlled hormones in the body

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43

estrus hormone spurpose?

control heat cycle

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44

Luteinizing hormone (LH) function?

allows production of testerone or ovulation to occur forming corpus luteum CL

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45

Ovulation function?

release the egg into a female to allow for reproduction to occur when sperm is present

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46

Corpus luteum CL function?

forms in female during reproduction and is present through gestation period (maintains baby)

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47

WHat maintains the pregnancy of a baby?

Corpus Luteum CL

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48

follicle stimulating hormone FSH function?

allows for sperm production regulates female estrus cycle and forms foccicle during breeding produces and produces estrogen

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49

estrogen function?

hormone that begins the estrus cycle both LOH and FSH are controlled by hypothalmus

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50

Gonadatropin GnRH function?

produce and regulates and maitnains a normal estrus cycle

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51

Hypothyroidism condition is?

condition that decreases the thyroxine hormone production from the thyroid gland

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52

Hypothyroidism symptoms?

slowing down

weight gain

lethargy

hair and skin problems

weakness

intolerance to cold

Alopecia

dermatitis

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53

Hypothyroidism breeds prone to it?

boxer

great dane

golden retriever

dachshund

schnauzer

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54

Hyperthyroidism condition is?

disease that causes an increases thyroxine production in the thyroid gland

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55

Hyperthyroidism common in?

ederly cats

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56

Hyperthyroidism symptoms?

weight loss

ravanous appetite

polyuria

increased activity

increases heart rate

englarged thyroid

vomiting

diaheria

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57

hypothyroidism, treatment is?

thyroxine supplement since its under

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58

hyperthyroidism treated with what?

thyroiddectomy

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59

hypocalcemia is?

decrease in blood calcium

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60

treatment for hyperthyroidism is also ?

radioactive iodine (radiocat) in bloodstream to stop thyroid ie damaging it

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61

hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus is a condition that?

causes high blood glucose levels leading to increased appetite lose weight, increased thirst, increased water consumption, increased urination, and immune system goes agaisnt body (75%) killed pancreas

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62

cataracts is?

opacity of the lens or teinal problems

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63

hypoglycemia is?

low blood glucose levels weakness lethargy and ataxia a trance like appearance, seizures and coma

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64

T/F newborns with hypoglycemia can be given sugar water?

true

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65

hyperadrenocorticism is also called?

crushing disease

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66

hyperadrenocorticism or crushing diseases causes?

problem with adrenal gland results in pituitary gland turmor

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67

iatrogenic refers to what?

can be caused by humans

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68

dexamethasone is administered to who?

cushing diseases/ hyperadrenocorticism

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69

Turmor signs can be?

change in ACTH levels cushing disease/ hyperadrenocortism

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70

Endocrine systems works with the?

nervous system

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71

endocrine system is most important because it ?

regulates hormones that help maintain homeostasis with responses to changes in the body

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72

hypoadrenocorticism refered to as ?

addison disease ( PAY ATTENTION TO HYPO OR HYPER)

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73

adisson disease or hypoadrenocorticism causes what?

lethargy

weakness

weight loss

vomiting

diarrhea

poor appetite

gi problems

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74

Hypoatremia condition is what?

decreased sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) production within the body

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75

Hyperkalemia may occur which is?

increased potassium or K

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