Chapter 31- The endocrine System

Who is in charge of growth maturation reporduction and metabolism aka homeostasis?

endocrine system

endocrine system excretes hormones into the?

blood stream

pituitary gland is the main what?

endocrine gland

The hypothalamus is?

The brain tisse that reserves and regulates hormones via releasing them

Hypothalamus develops when?

develops from brain tissue during embyro stage

posterior love connects to the?

hypothalamus

oxytocin role in what?

parturition by releasing hormones that cause the muscles of the uterine walls to contract and milk production starts in mammary gland

antidiuretic hormone or ADH

hormone that promotes urine formation , water absorption, controls blood pressure changes control in water content

condition diabeties insipidus affects what?

water content in the bloodstream causing the urine to become very dilute

polyuria means?

excessive and uncontrolled urination PU

polydipsia means?

uncontrolled thirst PD

Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is controlled by the?

Hypothalamus

Somatotropin role is to?

be a major growth hormone that increases protein synthesis within the body thus increasing size

Prolactin controls what?

controls milk production

Pituitary gland is called? And WHY

master gland because it controls the thyroid gland which regulates and secrets hormones in the body

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) role is to?

tell the thyroid when to produce thyroxine

Thyroxine purpose is to?

control actions of the thyroid gland and cell metabolism

What are the two hormones that occur in the blood stream that help to identify normal or abnormal thyroid gland production is what?

T3 and T4

T3 role?

more potent and active form of the hormone

T4 role?

hormone is converted into tissues and breaks down fats and helps control cholesterol

Where is the thyroid gland located?

the neck

Thyroid gland has lobes on ?

trachea

T/F thyroid gland lobe is the only endocrine gland that can be palpated when enlarged?

true

parathyroid gland secretes?

parathormone

parathormone helps regulate what?

calcium and phosphorus levels

adrenal glands are cranial to?

kidneys

adrenaline is a chemical released by what and why?

the nervous system that creates in a stress situation fight or flight response

epinephrine is?

short acting

norepinephrine is what?

a longer acting hormone chemical that increases heart rate, blood pressure, blood flow, blood glucose, and metabolism

adrenal glands regulate the function of ACTH or adrenaocorticotropic that controls?

controls bodys blood pressure , releases cholesterol, controls production of steriods

pancreas is the organ that produces and regulates what?

insulin

Insulin is regulated by?

blood glucose levels or blood sugar

Release of insulin is when?

sugar metabolizes as the blood level decresaes and food is digested

gonads are associated with?

reproduction

Hormones 4 major chemical groups are?

fatty acids

steriods

amino acids

peptides

fatty acids control?

hormones involved in estrus in the female heat cycle

steriods regulate chemicals like?

cholesterol in the body

amino acids control?

thyroid gland functions

peptides purpose and size?

largest hormones and control the proteins in the body

The body will send a signal for the necessary hormone function which responds by creating what?

enzymes

enzyme function?

chemicals that create a reaction that changes within the body ( creating and releasing until function is complete)

Diabetes is the result of?

not properly controlled hormones in the body

estrus hormone spurpose?

control heat cycle

Luteinizing hormone (LH) function?

allows production of testerone or ovulation to occur forming corpus luteum CL

Ovulation function?

release the egg into a female to allow for reproduction to occur when sperm is present

Corpus luteum CL function?

forms in female during reproduction and is present through gestation period (maintains baby)

WHat maintains the pregnancy of a baby?

Corpus Luteum CL

follicle stimulating hormone FSH function?

allows for sperm production regulates female estrus cycle and forms foccicle during breeding produces and produces estrogen

estrogen function?

hormone that begins the estrus cycle both LOH and FSH are controlled by hypothalmus

Gonadatropin GnRH function?

produce and regulates and maitnains a normal estrus cycle

Hypothyroidism condition is?

condition that decreases the thyroxine hormone production from the thyroid gland

Hypothyroidism symptoms?

slowing down

weight gain

lethargy

hair and skin problems

weakness

intolerance to cold

Alopecia

dermatitis

Hypothyroidism breeds prone to it?

boxer

great dane

golden retriever

dachshund

schnauzer

Hyperthyroidism condition is?

disease that causes an increases thyroxine production in the thyroid gland

Hyperthyroidism common in?

ederly cats

Hyperthyroidism symptoms?

weight loss

ravanous appetite

polyuria

increased activity

increases heart rate

englarged thyroid

vomiting

diaheria

hypothyroidism, treatment is?

thyroxine supplement since its under

hyperthyroidism treated with what?

thyroiddectomy

hypocalcemia is?

decrease in blood calcium

treatment for hyperthyroidism is also ?

radioactive iodine (radiocat) in bloodstream to stop thyroid ie damaging it

hyperglycemia or diabetes mellitus is a condition that?

causes high blood glucose levels leading to increased appetite lose weight, increased thirst, increased water consumption, increased urination, and immune system goes agaisnt body (75%) killed pancreas

cataracts is?

opacity of the lens or teinal problems

hypoglycemia is?

low blood glucose levels weakness lethargy and ataxia a trance like appearance, seizures and coma

T/F newborns with hypoglycemia can be given sugar water?

true

hyperadrenocorticism is also called?

crushing disease

hyperadrenocorticism or crushing diseases causes?

problem with adrenal gland results in pituitary gland turmor

iatrogenic refers to what?

can be caused by humans

dexamethasone is administered to who?

cushing diseases/ hyperadrenocorticism

Turmor signs can be?

change in ACTH levels cushing disease/ hyperadrenocortism

Endocrine systems works with the?

nervous system

endocrine system is most important because it ?

regulates hormones that help maintain homeostasis with responses to changes in the body

hypoadrenocorticism refered to as ?

addison disease ( PAY ATTENTION TO HYPO OR HYPER)

adisson disease or hypoadrenocorticism causes what?

lethargy

weakness

weight loss

vomiting

diarrhea

poor appetite

gi problems

Hypoatremia condition is what?

decreased sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) production within the body

Hyperkalemia may occur which is?

increased potassium or K