PE Practice

What is direct coaching?

Coach oriented instruction model where student given direct instruction on skill execution/tactical awareness

What is a strength and weakness of Direct Coaching?

• Focus on augmented feedback allows cognitive/associative learners to learn what errors look like/how to correct

• Limited opportunity to think independently

What is constraints based coaching?

Discovery based model where coaches facilitate learning of skill execution and tactical awareness in modified context

What is a strength and weakness of constraints based coaching?

• Allows opportunity to develop problem solving skills

• Less structured, requires knowledgeable coach to manipulate constraints for specific outcome

What is an individual constraint? Provide example, and how is modified.

Modifying activity based on influences related to individual

e.g. age, sex, fitness levels

e.g. Performing shuttle runs before free throw to generate fatigue. Simulates game environment by considering fitness levels

What is a task constraint? Provide example, and how is modified.

Modifying activity based on influences related to task

e.g. rules, playing dimensions, equipment

e.g. Using smaller ball in soccer game, manipulating equipment to cause players to control ball with more precision

What is an environmental constraint? Provide example, and how is modified.

Modifying activity based on environmental influences

e.g. playing surface, weather conditions, crowd noises

e.g. Simulating crowd noises in b/w tennis serves allows player to maintain focus, like competition

What is contained within Practice Variability?

Blocked and Random Practice

What is blocked practice?

Each skill component practiced repetitively as independent block, with minimal variation

What is random practice?

Skill practiced in random order w/o predictability

What is contained within Practice Types?

Part and Whole Practice

What is part practice?

Only parts (subroutines) of skill practiced

What is whole practice?

When entire skill is practiced

What is contained in practice distribution?

Massed and distributed practice

What is massed practice?

Each skill component practiced with little rest b/w activities or as few longer sessions across week

What is distributed practice?

Each skill component practiced with rest b/w activities or as shorter sessions throughout the week