Disorders/Conditions

enuresis, encopresis

elimination disorders < (2,)

enursesis

elimination:

repeated voiding of urine (involuntary or intentional)

encopresis

elimination:

repeated passage of feces (involuntary or intentional)

autism spectrum disorder

most misunderstood and puzzling of the neurodevelopmental disorders

early

autism spectrum disorder appear _____ in life and cause serious impairments in functioning

social interaction / communication / repetitive patterns of behavior or interest

autism spectrum disorder deficit in < (3/)

deficit in social interaction

autism spectrum disorder:

no initiate conversation, turning head away, no eye contact, prefer playing alone

communication deficits

autism spectrum disorder:

lack of speech, one-word responses, echoed speech, problem in using and understanding nonverbal cues, difficulty maintaining convo = cant reciprocate others' comments

one-word responses

saying yes or no when replying to questions or statements that require additional elaboration

echoed speech

parroting what another person says, either immediately or several/days later

repetitive patterns of behavior or interests

autism spectrum disorder:

engage in stereotyped, repetitive movements, show great distress at small changes in routine or environment

spectrum

used to indicate that individuals with the disorder can show a range of symptoms that vary in their magnitude and severity

Asperger's disorder

disorder described as having average or high intellegence and strong vocab, but impairments in social interactions and social communication

autism

this disorder is strongly influenced by genetics

autism

gene and gene mutations involving formation of synaptic circuits that facilitate communication between different areas of the brain

environmental factors

these are thought to be associated with increased risk for autism spectrum disorder bc contribute to new mutations (expose to pollutants, vitamin D deficiency)

prenatal infections

increased risk for autism spectrum disorder = during pregnancy, sepsis, flu, pneumonia, meningitis, encephalitis, placental tissues/kidney, urinary tract infection

turner syndrome / congenital adrenal hyperplasia / androgen insensitivity syndrome

intersex conditions < (3/)

turner syndrome

intersex condition:

absence of or an imperfect second X chromosome

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

intersex condition:

genetic disorder caused by an increased production of androgens

androgen insensitivity syndrome

intersex condition:

person has one X and one Y chromosome, but is resistant to male hormones and androgens