A level English Literature

Phenomenal

Kants philosophy- the thing as it appears to the observer

Phallogecentrism

Privilege of masculinity

Pragmatographia

Strong visual image

Ephemerality

Lasting for brief time

Reification

Abstract ideas treated as a material thing

Paganism

Nature worship/ anti religion

Free verse

No consistency in meter or rhyme

Blank verse

Unrhymed but regularly metrical

Syncope

Lexical omission of letters

Hyperkulturemia

Psychosomatic disorder that causes rapid heart beat, dizziness, fainting, confusion and hallucinations when exposed to great personal significance in art

Antinomian heresy

To some moral code doesn't apply

L'écriture feminine

Female voice and narrator

"Mutability"

Intertextual reference to Percey Shelley poem= tendency to change.

Dichotomy

Division into two parts; subdivision

Subversion

Changing things around: concepts, gender, roles

Miscegenation

Fear off different races together

Empiricism

All knowledge based on experience from senses

Subjugation

Action of bringing someone under control

Liminality

Transitional state- moving from one to another

Unheimlich

Weird, uncanny and strangely familiar

Existentialism

Why we are who we are etc

Transgression

Crossing boundaries and expectations

Transcendence

Experience beyond norm and reality: nature, reality

Macrocosm

Whole of a complex structure contrasted with a small/ representative part of it

Noumenal

Kants philosophy of the thing in itself

Didactic

Intended to give instruction; a moral lesson

Allegory

A story/ poem/ picture which can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning- typically moral or political

Ambiguity

The quality of being open to more than one interpretation

Climax

The point of greatest tension in the work

Auditory imagery

A form of mental imagery that is used to organise and analyse sounds

Ballad

A narrative poem that tells a story about love

Canto

A main division of a long poem

Assonance

The repetition of vowel sounds to create internal rhyming in sentences

Abhuman

A term used to distinguish a separation from normal human existence

Aubade

A piece of music/ song lamenting arrival of down

Denotation

A translation of a sign to is meaning

The abject

Human reaction to a threatened breakdown in meaning caused by loss of distinction between subject and object

Bildungsroman

Character changes throughout, e.g. coming of age :
Frankenstein tells life story
Handmaids are reeducated

Expressionistic

Unrealistic and symbolic work

Verisimilitude

Creating a sense of reality (Williams uses it in minor characters, directions THEN symbolism is layered through plastic theatre

Aposiopesis

'To become silent'

Aporia

Rhetorical question to share doubt

Hypophora

Answered rhetorical question

Parrhesia

Harsh blunt language

Exhortation

Begging/ pleading

Sticomythia

Dialogue where two characters speak alternate lines of verse

Ecphonesis

Emotional and exclamatory phrases

Microcosm

Characterises something larger

Epizeuxis

Repetition in immediate succession

Diacope

Repetition with words in between

Conduplicatio

Repetition with words in between

Anadiplosis

Repetition @ end of clause, then @ beginning of next clause

Antanaclasis

Same phrase/ word used with different meaning "put out the light, then put out the light"

Anaphora

Repetition @ beginning of clauses

Antistrophe/ epistrophe

Repetition @ end

Antithesis/ antithetical parallelism

Direct opposition

Chiasmus

Words/ grammatical constructions/ concepts repeated in reverse order

Monostich

Stanza of one line

Epithet

An adjective regarded as a characteristic of person/ thing mentioned

Aphorism

A pithy saying which contains general truth

Peripeteia

Reversal of fortune

Todestrieb

Death drive

Liebestod

Erotic death

Adumbrate

When information is partially/ guardedly disclosed

Afflatus

A divine creative impulse

Aposiopesis

Become silent

Polyptoton

Same root word, with subtle changes 'lay and lie'

Metalepsis

Overlap of narrative voices

Meta narrative

Narrator talks about the writing

Vagina dentata

Latin for teeth in a vagina leading to castration of males, present in the handmaids

Anagnorisis

Sudden realisation

Peripeteia

Reversal of fortune

Exhortation

Pleading

Unheimlich

Uncanny

Paranomasia

Play on words

Palimpset

Layering of past

Analogy

Comparison

Ad hominem

To counteract someones argument based on emotion rather than case

Metonymy

Part to describe the whole

Schaden freude

Pleasure from someone elses pain

Lapsarian

Linking to the fall

Exposition

Settig up of the action

Parenthesis

A word or phrase inserted into a statement as an explanation or afterthought into a sentence that is already grammatically correct

Catastrophe/ denouement

Post climax unravelling

Ekphrasis

Art brought to life in literature

Ottava rima

Rhyme scheme in isabella - used in long poems with heroic themes

Alexandrine

Meter in eve of st agnes

Epanalepsis

When a sentence starts and ends with the same word

Gustatory imagery

Imagery for the taste

Kinesthesia

Movement

Proclitic syncope

Contracted at start of word

Eclitic syncope

Contracted at end of word

Hyperbaton

Order reversal to mantain rhyme scheme

Hendiadys

2 nound rather than adj+ noun

Anastrophe

Hyperbaton with adjectives

Zeugma

Same word applied to 2 nouns t

Petrarchan

Sonnet with an octave rhyming abbaabba and a sestet rhyming cdcdcd or cdecde

Hypotaxis

When a sentence contains subordinate clauses or phrases that merely build on main clause

Parataxis

Equal, normally unlinked clauses