Soil Conservation & Agroforestry

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13 Terms

1

methods of conservation

  • contour ploughing

  • crop rotation

  • cover crops

  • terracing

  • soil conditioners

  • buffer strips

  • improved irrigation

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2

benefits of soil conditioners

  • enhances soil fertility

  • increases water holding capacity

  • promotes microbial activity

  • lime neutralises acidity

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3

benefits of buffer strips/shelter belts

  • protects crops

  • creates favourable microclimates

  • enhances biodiversity of non-target species

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4

benefits of contour ploughing

  • traps water, reducing speed of run off

    • greater time for permeation

  • promotes crop growth

  • prevents gully formation

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5

challenges of contour ploughing

  • topography requires special equipment

  • labour intensive

  • ongoing maintenance

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6

benefits of crop rotation

  • increases biodiversity

  • balances nutrients

  • disrupts lifecycle of pests

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7

benefits of cover crops

  • establishes protective canopy

  • root systems bind soil

  • absorbs & stores excess nutrients

  • suppresses weed growth

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8

challenges of cover crops

  • crops must suit climatic/soil conditions

  • must be fast growing

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9

benefits of terracing

  • slows surface run off

  • more arable land

  • aesthetic & cultural value

  • increases crop yield

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10

benefits of agroforestry

  • root systems provide structural support

  • canopies shield from rain/wind

  • shade reduces evaporation

  • nutrient cycling & nitrogen fixation (whitehorn acacia)

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11

description of alley cropping

  • tree rows; crops planted in the alleys between the rows

  • contribute organic matter to the soil

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12

description of silvopasture

  • incorporate trees, crops, and livestock

  • trees offer shade for livestock, reducing heat stress

  • manage grazing pressure, avoiding overgrazing

  • mitigates soil compaction caused by livestock

  • canopy offers protection to the soil

  • promotes biodiversity

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13

challenges of agroforestry

  • policy reforms in terms of land tenure ensures farmers have rights to the trees they plant

  • community engagement

  • market development increases economic incentives for farmers

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