Give Me Liberty: Review Flashcards for Eighteenth-Century Slavery, King Philip's War, Bacon's Rebellion, and European Overseas Expansion

This set covers key topics from the notes: eighteenth-century slavery and the Deep South, major colonial conflicts (King Philip’s War and Bacon’s Rebellion), and the overview of European overseas expansion including the Crusades’ impact, the Requerimiento, extractive economies, French and Spanish imperial practices, and England’s changes from 1492 to the 1580s.

When did the first enslaved Africans arrive in Virginia?

1619

The arrival of enslaved Africans in 1619 had connections to which Caribbean colony?

Barbados

Name one reason African labor was preferred in the Chesapeake and Deep South over English indentured servants.

Africans were more acclimated to the climate and had experience in rice farming and cattle raising.

What was a key feature of Black codes in the early colonial period regarding life-long slavery?

White servants could not be held for life, but Africans could be held for life.

Under Black codes, could interracial marriage occur?

No.

Under Black codes, could Africans own firearms or property?

No.

Under Black codes, could Africans have due process or access to courts?

No.

Could the child of an enslaved person be enslaved according to Black codes?

Yes.

What was a major slave rebellion in the Deep South that led to stricter slave codes?

The Stono Rebellion (1739) in South Carolina.

Which rebellion in Virginia shifted the labor system from indentured servants to African slaves?

Bacon's Rebellion (1676).

Who were the participants in Bacon’s Rebellion?

Gov. Berkeley and the Greenspring faction; poor white, landless men; Indians; Nathaniel Bacon and others outside the elite.

What was a key consequence of Bacon’s Rebellion?

Curbing the power of the colonial governor and accelerating the transition from English indentured servants to African slavery.

Who was Anthony Johnson and what does his example illustrate?

A Black landowner in Virginia; shows opportunities for African Americans existed, but racial prejudice was rising.

What do seventeenth-century race relations in Virginia and Maryland reveal?

Society in flux with some opportunities for African Americans but increasing prejudice.

In the Puritan–Indian context, which alliance aided the English against the Pequot in the Pequot War?

The Mohawk (and other allied tribes) helped the English against the Pequot.

What were Praying Towns?

Puritan settlements established to convert Native Americans to Christianity.

Who led the Wampanoags in King Philip’s War?

King Philip (Metacomet).

What were the immediate consequences of King Philip’s War?

Devastation for both sides, mass displacement, and heavy casualties.

What was one English motivation behind King Philip’s War?

English encroachment and the desire for more land.

What major shift in Virginia's labor force occurred as a result of the aftermath of Bacon’s Rebellion?

Transition from indentured English labor to African slavery.

What is the Requerimiento?

A Spanish declaration demanding that Native peoples acknowledge Spanish sovereignty and Catholic faith before conquest.

What were extractive economies in the Spanish Empire?

Economies designed to extract wealth from colonies (e.g., gold and silver).

What were three elements of Spanish culture and religion promoted in the empire?

Catholicism, the Spanish language, and attempts at forced assimilation.

What was the Beaver trade, and why was it important for New France?

Beaver pelts traded for hats; it drove French colonial economics and relations with Native peoples.

Who were the Coureurs de Bois?

French inland fur traders who traveled to trade with Native peoples.

What major shifts occurred in England between 1492 and the 1580s?

Stronger monarchy, population growth, enclosure movement, and Protestantism-based nationalism.

Which two European kingdoms initially divided the non-European world to avoid conflict?

Portugal and Spain (division later formalized by the Treaty of Tordesillas).