Extrinsic Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes

Gastrocnemius

O: Femoral condyles

I: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A: Plantar flexion at ankle; flexion at knee

Plantaris

O: Lateral supracondylar ridge

I: Posterior portion of calcaneus

A: Plantar flexion at ankle; flexion at knee

Soleus

O: Head and proximal shaft of fibula, and adjacent posteromedial shaft of tibia

I: Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (with gastrocnemius)

A: Plantar flexion at ankle

Fibularis Brevis

O: Midlateral margin of fibula

I: Base of fifth metatarsal bone

A: Eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle 

Fibularis Longus

O: Head and proximal shaft of fibula

I: Base of first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform

A: Eversion of foot and plantar flexion at ankle; supports ankle; supports longitudinal and transverse arches

Tibialis Posterior

O: Interosseous membrane and adjacent shafts of tibia and fibula

I: Navicular, all three cuneiforms, cuboid, second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones

A: Inversion of foot; plantar flexion at ankle

Flexor Digitorum Longus

O: Posteromedial surface of tibia

I: Inferior surface of distal phalanges, toes 2–5

A: Flexion of joints of toes 2–5; plantar flexes ankle

Flexor Hallucis Longus

O: Posterior surface of fibula

I: Inferior surface, distal phalanx of great toe

A: Flexion at joints of great toe; plantar flexes ankle

Tibialis Anterior

O: Lateral condyle and proximal shaft of tibia

I: Base of first metatarsal bone and medial cuneiform

A: Dorsiflexion at ankle; inversion of foot

Extensor Digitorum Longus

O: Lateral condyle of tibia, anterior surface of fibula

I: Superior surfaces of phalanges, toes 2–5

A: Extension of toes 2–5; dorsiflexes ankle

Extensor Hallucis Longus

O: Anterior surface of fibula

I: Superior surface, distal phalanx of great toe

A: Extension at joints of great toe; dorsiflexes ankle

Fibularis Tertius

O: medial fibular shaft and adjacent interosseous membrane
I: dorsal surface of base of fifth metatarsal
A: dorsiflexion of ankle and eversion of foot