CHAPTER 4 & 5: Culture and Cultural Relativism

Culture

derived from the Latin work "cultura" or "cultus" means care or cultivation

Culture as cultivation

implies that every human being is a potential member of his own social group. He is endowed with certain innate qualities to make use.

"cultura" or "cultus"
care or cultivation

Culture is derived from the Latin work _______ or _______ means ________ or ____________

Cole (2019)
Culture

According to: _________
__________ is a concept that refers to a broad and diverse collection of often intangible areas of social life

Zimmerman (2017)
culture

According to: _________
explicated __________ as the characteristics and awareness of a specific community of people, including language, religion, food, social behavior, etiquette, fashion, music and the arts

Lederach (1995)
Culture

According to: _________
introduced __________ as the collective knowledge and schemes generated by a group of people to perceive, view, convey, and react to the social realities around them

Influence of Culture in Moral Development (Leano and Gubia-on, 2018)

Always social and communal by which the relationship of the
people toward one another and their experience as people
are the culture's meadow.
Defines the normative principles and behaviors of society.
Develops restrictions and set boundaries and limitations as
they live and relate with one another.
Helps in generating the character and identity of its people.
Identifies the authorities or the governing individuals.

Ethical practices

differ among cultures, and what is considered right in one culture may be considered wrong in another

Cultural relativism

also based on the idea that there is no absolute standard of good or evil

decided in each society

Thus, every decision and judgment of what is right or wrong is individually ________________________________ (Nickerson, 2023).

Cultural Diversity

about appreciating that society is made up of many different groups with different interests, skills, talents and needs

Cultural Imperialism

the exercise of domination in cultural relationships in which the values, practices, and meanings of a powerful foreign culture are imposed upon one or more native cultures (John Wiley, 2012)

Advantages

It is a system which promotes cooperation
It creates a society where equality is possible.
People can pursue a genuine interest
Respect is encouraged
Preserves human cultures
Creates a society without judgment
Create personal moral codes based on societal standards with ease
Stops cultural conditioning

Disadvantages

Creates a system that is fueled by personal bias
It would create chaos.
It is an idea that is based on the perfection of humanity
Limit humanity's progress
Promote lack of diversity