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flashcards from chapter 1. BY 101 at JSU with instructor Kennedy Norris
Natural sciences
the study of the natural world
natural science examples
biology, physics, chemistry, astronomy, earth sciences
biology
the study of life
scientific theory
a hypothesis supported by a multitude of eperiments and observations
theory examples
theory of evolution by natural selection, gravity, germ theory
scientific law
phenomenon that always occurs under certain conditions
law examples
law of gravity, law of thermodynamics, mendelian (genetics)
cell
membrane bound unit separate from surroundings
metabolism
any chemical change that takes place in a cell or organism to grow, reproduce, or maintain bodily functions
reproduction
how organisms pass on genetic information. can be asexual or sexual
growth
increase in mass
development
growth of an organism in stages
characteristics of life
has cells, performs homeostasis, uses energy/metabolizes, reproduces, grows or develops, adapts to environment, responds to environment
Science
a system of acquiring knowledge
scientific method
A way to ask and answer scientific questions by making observations and doing experiments
taxonomy
the science of naming, describing, and classifying organism
Father of taxonomy
Carl von Linne
binomial nomenclature
scientific name, Genus species
Domain
Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya
archaea
smallest domain; unicellular, they're everywhere, crucial for human microbiome
bacteria
largest domain; everywhere, vast majority are harmless
Eukarya
plants, animals, fungi, protists
Kingdom
animalia, plantae, fungi protista, eubacteria, archaebacteria
Kingdoms of Domain Eukarya
Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
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taxonomic ranking order; Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
homologous structures
similar physical features in organisms with a common ancestor, even if the features serve completely different functions
mass extinction
extinction of a large number of species in a short geologic time, usually caused by specific events
niche
the physical and environmental conditions a species needs, and its interactions with other species.
atoms
smallest unit of a substance
molecules
atoms bond to form these
cells
smallest unit of life, specialized function
tissues
specific cells organized into specific patterns, specialized function
organs
structure made of tissues, carries out specific tasks
organ systems
interacting organs to perform bodily functions
organism
made of cells
population
all individuals of the same species in the same area
species
group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring
community
different species populations interacting in the same area
Ecosystem
community interacting with environment
biosphere
collection of ecosystems, anywhere life exsits
Note 
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