scientific revolution and enlightenment

what is the geocentric theory?

the earth is the center of the universe

what is the heliocentric theory?

the sun is the center of the solar system

what theory did the church support?

the geocentric theory (heliocentric went against centuries of teachings of the church)

what was newton’s most famous idea?

the idea of gravity (an invisible force that pulls objects together)

who proved the heliocentric theory?

galileo (through the use of the telescope, which he improved)

who discovered that planets move in elipses?

Kepler (wine barells)

who was the first astronomer to advance the heliocentric theory?

copernicus (but he was not able to prove it)

what instrument is used to measure tempurature?

thermometer

which Greek thinkers advanced the geocentric theory?

ptolemy and aristotle

how did renaissance ideas influence the scientific revolution?

education and new ideas were valued (instead of blindly following the church)

what is the scientific method?

a step by step method for conducting research to prove a hypothesis

what were three of newtons ideas?

gravity, light is made of many colors (the prism thing), and calculus

why was Galileo put on trial?

for heresy because he debunked the geocentric theory, which the church believed in

what was the scientific revolution?

a series of events leading to modern day science

why was Spain the most powerful in the early 1500s?

spanish colonies brought in a lot of money and resources

what was absolutism?

a system where a single person has complete control (no checks and balances or democracy)

when was the age of absolutism?

1500s-1800s

what did all absolute rulers believe in?

divine right (they were given the right to rule by God)

what is another name for the enlightenment?

the age of reason

what are the three branches of government?

executive, legislative and judicial

who believed in the natural right to life, liberty and property?

john locke

what is popular sovereignty?

the idea that the government should express the will of the people (in order to represent their best interests and protect natural rights)

what was the enlightenment?

a period of time when reason guided people’s thoughts and ideas

what are natural rights?

a set of rights that every person is entitled to

what is a social contract?

when people give up some freedom to the government in exchange for protection

what is a philosopher?

a person who seeks wisdom

what is a belief in reason?

a view that enlightenment and scientific revolution thinkers share

what did Montesquieu suggest?

the government should be separated into three equal branches (separation of powers)

when was the enlightenment?

18th century

where did the enlightenment take place?

europe (they had the most advanced technology and wealth)

what is a common theme in the enlightenment?

rationality, questioning and progress

what argument did Mary wallstonecraft make?

women should have equal rights and access to education as men

what document did Thomas jefferson use enlightenment ideas in?

the declaration of independence

what was a salon?

a social gathering where people would exchange new ideas

what is a democracy?

a government where the power belongs to the people

what is freedom of thought?

the right to form your own ideas and beliefs (don’t just rely on Jesus bro)