unit 5 practice IB questions

Discuss between a skilled and a novice footballer (4 marks)

• Skilled football player will consistently perform at a high level, e.g. regularly able to juggle a ball with body over 100 times

• skilled football player has learnt skills, e.g. practiced over many years

• Novice player lacks efficiency, e.g. when passing and dribbling skills are executed poorly and mistakes are made

• Novice player lacks to ability to control the ball, e.g. under pressure from opposition

Outline 6 different types of feedback used in sport (6 marks)

Intrinsic:

• information received from inside the performer, it is the “feel” associated with movement

Extrinsic:

• received from outside the performer received via sense through exteroceptors from coaches

Concurrent:

• received during the activity

Terminal:

• received after the activity has occurred

Positive:

• used to encourage and reinforce good behaviour, such as praise and rewards

Negative:

• received if performance is not correct (the aim is to discourager performance)

Explain the motor skill profile of a swimmer who races in 100m freestyle events (3 marks)

Gross as involves large muscle movements

Continuous as cycle is repeated

Coactive as performed at the same time as other

Describe the most appropriate teaching style for a coach to use within a group of novice javelin throwers (3 marks)

• command style teacher led instruction with minimal student autonomy

• To control safety factors

• This teaching style is most appropriate for novice

Distinguish between cognitive and perceptual motor skills (4 marks)

• cognitive skill in team games such as rules, tactics and game objectives are associated with decision making in game play and contribute to success on the field

• e.g. chess requires mostly cognitive because it requires a lot of thinking

• Most sports involve perceptual motor skills because they involve thought, interpretation and movement

• e.g. dribbling with the ball to beat a defender in soccer

State 3 different approaches to the classification of motor skills (2 marks)

Apply these 3 approaches to relevant sporting examples

i)

• gross and fine

• open and closed

• individual, vocative, interactive

ii)

gross = kicking a ball

fine = throwing a dart

open = receiving in tennis

closed = serving in tennis

individual = archery

coactive = running in a race

interactive = game of football

Describe the characteristics associated with the 3 phases of learning, with reference to the progression from novice to skilled performance (6 marks)

Cognitive/verbal phase (early phase):

• to aid memory learning occurs through trial and error

Associative/motor phase (intermediate phase):

• a performer practices the task and can associate their movements with the mental image of the skill

• a performer begins to detect and correct errors in their performance

Autonomous phase (final phase):

• reaction time is shorter as motor programmes are well learnt and stored in long-term memory

• skills appear automatic as attention is focused elsewhere, e.g. on tactics, the move or pass or shot and on using fakes

Progression of novice-skilled performer:

• a performer will gradually get more skilled in their performance as they get closer to the autonomous phase

Distinguish between learning and performance using a sporting example (2 marks)

• learning causes permanent change while performing is temporary

• e.g. a golfer’s handicap may change due to learning while a single good shot is performance

Outline the function of interoceptors in sensory input during movement (2 marks)

• interoceptors provide information from within the body

• they provide information about the internal states such as pH, lung stretch and temperature

construct a diagram showing a closed-loop motor programmes (2 marks)

nerves → muscles → feedback → brain