English Midterm Exam

Characters (Exposition) (Thank you Ma’am)

Roger and Mrs. Luella Bates

setting (exposition) (Thank you Ma’am)

city, late at night (sidewalk, walking) Mrs. J's apartment.

Ordinary life (exposition)(Thank you Ma’am)

Mrs J- walking home from work (hairsalon) / Roger is poor & unsuppervised

Inciting Incident(Thank you Ma’am)

Roger tries to steal Mrs. J's purse

Rising action (1st event)(Thank you Ma’am)

Mrs. J yells at Roger & forces him to pick up her purse

Rising action (2nd event)(Thank you Ma’am)

Mrs. J insists Roger come home w/ her to get something to eat

Rising action (3rd event)(Thank you Ma’am)

Mrs. J tells Roger she understands him, as she too has wanted things she could not have & has done things she is not proud of

Climax(Thank you Ma’am)

Roger has the chance to run but chooses not to

Falling action(Thank you Ma’am)

Mrs. J & Roger have dinner together

resolution(Thank you Ma’am)

Mrs. J gives Roger the $10 for blue Suedo shoes

denouement(Thank you Ma’am)

Roger never sees Mrs. J again

Characters (exposition) (The Necklace)

Mathilde, Mr. Loisel, Madame Forestier

Setting (exposition)(The Necklace)

Paris, fall, late 19th century

Ordinary Life (exposition)(The Necklace)

She is unhappy, not wealthy, wants to be wealthy, wants luxuries

inciting incident(The Necklace)

Mr. Loisel brings home an invitation to a party

Rising action (1st event)(The Necklace)

Mathilde doesn't want to go b/c her clothes & jewelry aren't good enough

Rising action (2nd event)(The Necklace)

She borrows a necklace from Madame Forestier

Rising action (3rd event)(The Necklace)

Mathilde has a wonderful time at the party & doesn't want to leave

Climax(The Necklace)

Mathilde loses Madame Forstier's necklace & is unable to find it

Falling action(The Necklace)

Buy a new necklace; 36,000 frances to replace the lost necklace

Resolution(The Necklace)

Madame and Mr. Loisel live in poverty trying to pay back the cost of the necklace

Denouement(The Necklace)

Madame Forestein reveals the original necklace was a fake

Characters (Exposition) (The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor & Fortunato

Setting (exposition)(The Cask of Amontillado)

Carnival, Italy, evening, catacombs

Ordinary Life (exposition)(The Cask of Amontillado)

Fortunato has insulted Montresor

Inciting Incident(The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor vows to get revenge

Rising action (1st event)(The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor tells Fortunato about the rare Amontillado he has

Rising action (2nd event)(The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor is quite "concerned" about Fortunato's health & encourages him to turn back

Rising action (3rd event)(The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor continues to get Fortunato drunk

Climax(The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor chains Fortunato to the wall & begins to build a wall

Falling action(The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor stabs at him, taunts him, & drops a torch inside the wall to ensure death

Resolution(The Cask of Amontillado)

Montresor finishes the wall

denouement(The Cask of Amontillado)

50 yrs. pass, & Montresor is now telling the tale; he got away w/ it

How and why did Echo lose her voice?

How: The goddess Hera cursed her with just an echo for a voice as punishment. Why: Echo distracting her from the affairs of Zeus with her endless talking.

Narcissus

handsome, mortal, only speaks to mother (makes all other girs faint), thinks highly of himself, wants to love someone as beautiful as him

Echo

beautiful, kind, beutiful voice, nymph (immortal), loved gossiping (a lot of affairs), wasn't interested in dating before Narcissus

Aphrodite (in echo)

likes Echo, offered to make any man love her at any time

What does Echo receive as a gift?

A saphire ring from Zeus (ends up getting her caught by Hera)

How love affected Echo (bad)

Echo gave up too much of herself for love; literally disappears; she loses "sight" of herself completely

How love affected Narcissus

When Aphrodite cursed him to fall in love with his reflection, he refused to leave the water; his obsessive love for himself leads to devasting consequesnces

What is ironic about Narcissus' name?

his name is a play on words with both "narcist" and the narcissus flower

What is ironic about Echo's name?

She literally turns into an echo

How does Aphrodite behave differently than other gods when she punishes Narcissus?

She punishes narcissus on Echo's behalf, not her own

What does Echo's punishment reveal about greek society?

Echo: punished for lying and gossiping. This was very frowned upon, value HONESTY

What does Narcissus' punishment reveal about greek society?

Narcissus: arrogance leads to his demise. They thought arrogance led to you thinking you were better than anyone (especially gods), value being HUMBLE

What does the myth Echo reveal about human behavior?

Humanity is at risk of extreme feelings; must find balance

Orpheus (orgin and family)

Son of the Thracian King and Calliope (muse), lived on Prarnassus w/ mother & 8 beautiful aunts

Apollo

courting Thalia the muse, gave golden lyre & taught Orpheus how to play (mother taught how to make verses

Orpheus

poet & musician, everything folled him because of his music

Eurydice

she stuck around while following Orph, wanted to be his slave (loved him that much), ended up getting married

Aristeus

The young king of Athens, hunter, son of Apollo & Cyrene

How did Eurdice die?

Aristeus believed a rumor about Orpheus and the beutiful enchantress then chased Eurydice into the forest when she fell into a bed of snakes and died.

Who did Orph enchant with his Lyre while in Tartarus?

Charon (ferryman), Cerberus (three-headed dog guarded gates of Tartarus), Sisyphus (shade), Tantalus (shade), Minos/Rhadamanthys/Aeacus (judges of dead), Hades and Persephone

How does Apollo act differently than other gods? (in Orpheus)

He encourages & helps Orph play the lyre (main point; helping Orph)

How does Hades act differently than other gods? (in Orpheus)

gives Orph a chance to get his wife back (main point; helping Orph)

Why did Orph fail his quest of getting his wife back? Important theme of Greek society?

Kept questioning himself, did not trust Hades, both caused him to look back because of his lack of trust in himself and Hades. The importance of having CONFIDENCE & PATIENCE

What is Ancient Greek's society look on talent and popularity?

great talent and popularity attracts both good things (Eurdice for example) and bad things (Aristeus)

Chaos

the beginning, only emptiness, Gaea/Tartarus/Eros emerged from him

Gaea

Mother Earth, goddess of earth, prophecy, gave birth (no father) to Ourea, Pontus, Uranus, made Uranus equal to her

Tartarus

ruled darkest region of underworld

Eros

Love, his beauty inspired the creation of gods

Ourea

Mountains

Pontus

Sea

Uranus

provided home for immortal beings, married to Gaea

Hundred handed Giants (3)

fifty heads and fifty arms, 1st children of Gaea & Uranus

Cyclopes (3)

one eye in the middle of forehead, expert craftsmen, built palaces for the gods on Mount Olympus, 2nd round of children of Gaea & Uranus

What happened to the cyclopes and hundred-handed giants?

Uranus was afraid of their strength, so he threw them in Tartarus

Titans (13)

3rd round of children from Gaea and Uranus, became oldest generation of greek gods

Helios

god of the sun, titan

Selene

Goddess of the moon, titan

Oceanus

God of the ocean, titan

Themis

goddes of prophecy, titan

Rhea

goddess of the earth, titan

Atlas

held up sky, strongest, titan

Prometheus

smartest, created man out of clay and water, titan

Epimetheus

married Pandora, titan

Pandora

1st mortal woman

What was Gaea's plan for revenge?

She gave Kronos a flint sickle to punish Uranus and told him where to hide; when Uranus was asleep, Kronos came out of hiding, cut up his father, and threw the pieces into the sea

Furies

Gaea brought fourth from Uranus' blood, punished men for crimes against the natural order

Giants

Gaea brought fourth from Uranus' blood, fearsome, hairy, shining armour and carried spears

Aphrodite

goddess of beauty and desire, born from the cut up pieces of Uranus, white foam surrounded the pieces and she was born

What was the main theme in this short story?

You can't escape or change fate

Kronos

Became god of the sky after killing his father, kept his brothers imprisoned in Tartaurs

How is Kronos just like his father?

he ignores his promise to let the Hundred-Handed Giants and Cyclopes go because he was also afraid of their strength

What was Gaea's prophecy?

one day Kronos would be overthrown and overpowered by one of his sons, just like he did to his father

How did Kronos try to escape his fate?

He ate every child he had

Hestia

guardian of the home, daughter of Kronos and Rhea

Demeter

goddess of grain, daughter of Kronos and Rhea

Hera

married to Zeus, goddess of marriage and child birth, queen of Olympus, daughter of Kronos and Rhea

Hades

gifted the helmet of invisibility, king of Underworld, son of Kronos and Rhea

Poseidon

gifted a trident, king of sea, son of Kronos and Rhea

What did Rhea do before she was about to have Zeus?

Rhea asks Gaea to help her hide Zeus at the island of Crete in a deep hidden cave, the nymphs would take care of him

What specifically did Rhea and Gaea fo to hide Zeus?

hang a cradle from a tree to hide Zeus; Curetes will march under the cradle and clang spears against bronze shields to smother cries under

How did Rhea trick Kronos?

She wrapped up a rock to make it look like a baby and gave it to Kronos; Kronos then ate the 'baby'

How did Kronos throw up all his children?

Zeus gave him a drink that was poisoned

What did the Hundred-Handed giants do when they were freed?

they joined the gods' alliance and gave each god a gift

Zeus

gifted a thunderbolt (gave him thunder & lightning), king of the sky and Olympus, son of Kronos and Gaea

trident

a long three-pronged weapon, could shake the earth and create waves, fishing spear

What happended in the first war between Kronos and the gods?

not much, fought for 10 years without victory for either side

What happened in the second war between Kronos and the gods?

Hundred-Handed Giants broke cliffs of mountains and threw parts of the mountain; Titans shot arrows and threw spears; Zeus threw his thunderbolt (everything was set on fire); Hundred-Handed Giants threw Titans into Tartarus and chained them for eternity