Engineering Biomaterials BME 352 - Lecture 2-4: Body-material interactions

These flashcards cover key concepts related to body-material interactions, stent thrombosis, protein functionalities, and immune responses as presented in the lecture notes.

Stent Thrombosis

A condition characterized by gradual thrombosis leading to clinical failure in stents, specifically related to material types like 316s stainless steel.

Protein Adsorption

The process of protein molecules associating with an interface of a material, which differs from absorption where solvent is taken up by the material.

Hydrophobicity

A property that describes how hydrophobic areas attract hydrophobic areas, influencing protein adsorption and interactions.

Vroman Effect

A phenomenon where smaller proteins are gradually displaced by larger proteins that have more favorable energetic properties during protein absorption.

Complement Pathway

A part of the immune response that utilizes proteins to identify and eliminate foreign materials, which includes both classical and alternative pathways.

Enthalpy (∆H)

The measure of heat content in a system, which drives changes in bond energy during protein adsorption.

Entropy (∆S)

The measure of disorder within a system, which can increase when proteins adsorb to surfaces.

Langmuir Model

A model for reversible adsorption describing how protein concentration relates to surface site occupancy, analogous to chemical reaction kinetics.

Protein Deformation

The structural changes that proteins undergo upon adsorption, which can affect their function and interactions.

Biomaterials

Materials designed for interaction with biological systems, often associated with injury to healthy tissue and subsequent immune responses.

Fibrosis

The formation of a fibrous tissue in response to injury, characterized by the secretion of fibronectin and recruitment of fibroblasts.

Amino Acids

The building blocks of proteins, which have distinct chemical properties that influence protein structure and function.

Gibbs Free Energy (∆G)

A thermodynamic quantity used to predict the spontaneity of a process: negative values indicate spontaneity, positive values indicate non-spontaneity.