Race Ethnicity

Race

a group of people who share a set of characteristics (usually physical characteristics) deemed by society to be socially significant

Ethnicity

characteristics of groups associated with national origins, languages, and cultural and religious practices

Social construction of race

sociohistorical process in which racial categories are created, inhibited, transformed and destroyed

Minorities

less powerful groups that are dominated politically, economically, and socially by a more powerful group and often discriminated against

Explusion

the process of forcibly removing people from a particular area

Segregation

the practice of separating people spatially or socially on the basis of race or ethnicity

Assimilation

absorption of a minority group into the dominant culture ex. European ethnic groups into “whiteness”

Cultural pluralism

the coexistence of different racial and ethnic groups,

Genocide

the mass, systemic destruction of a people or a nation ex. holocaust of jews, blacks, LGBT people, communists, trade unionists

Racism

the idea that one racial or ethnic group is superior to another

Prejudice

a belief about an individual or a group that is not subject to change on the basis of evidence (thought process)

Discrimination

unequal treatment of individual because of social groups, usually motivated by prejudice (action) ex. hate crime

Institutional discrimination

discrimination enshrined in law, public policy, or common practice-becoming routine operation of major social institutions

Racial Colorblindness

posits the best way to end discrimination is by treating individuals as equally as possible, without regard to race, culture, or ethnicity

Double-consciousness

the experience of subordinated groups viewing themselves through the lens of a racist white society in relation to self-perception

Nativisim

the policy of protecting the interesting of native-born or established inhabitants those of immigrants

Restrictive covenants

contractual agreements that restrict the use of land ostensibly in order to preserve the value of adjecent land or a neightborhood

Redlining

practice of catergorically denying access to mortagages not just to indivduals but to whole neighborhoods