Science Bowl

molarity

The most useful unit of concentration in the chemistry lab is

nucleus

What organelle functions to isolate a human cell's chromosomes from the cytoplasm?

hemoglobin

What is the primary oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells?

compaction and cementation

What describes how a sedimentary rock can form

both

What does the prefix "ambi" mean as in the word ambidexterous

gill covers or opercula

Unlike bony fish, sharks do not have this.

polarized

Light typically travels in waves that are oriented in all planes traveling in a given directions. What is the term for light waves that are traveling in one plane?

plants

Acid-based indicators are substances that change color with changing pH and are usually derived from

lever; ramp

Name all of the following that a physicist would consider simple machines: Bicycle; lever; ramp

calcium

Of all the essential minerals present in the body, which is the most abundant?

swimbladder

What anatomical structure in boney fish allows them to adjust their buoyancy and stay afloat without swimming?

seismology

The best evidence for the model of Earth's interior comes from the study of...

polystyrene

What is the general name for a plastic material composed of a polymer of styrene?

fluoride

Which is a product found in most toothpastes for the purpose of making the teeth more resistant to decay by promoting remineralization?

MMIX

Give the roman numeral equivalent of 2009.

neuron

In which of the following cells would myelin most likely be found:

Cretaceous

What period of the Geological Time Scale ends with the extinction of dinosaurs?

bacteria

Which of the following groups of organisms is most commonly associated with the ability to fix nitrogen?

mantle

What layer of Earth's interior contains over 60% of the Earth's mass and is composed of iron- and magnesium-rich silicates?

flagella

What specific structure is most directly responsible for the mobility of bacteria?

centripetal

Consider a yo-yo swinging on the end of a string in uniform circular motion. What is the most accurate term for the center-seeking force exerted on the yo-yo through the string?

a thin tube

Which of the following describes the shape of a bacterial pilus

Gregor Mendel

What scientist is sometimes considered the father of genetics because of his extensive studies on the patterns of inheritance.

nitrogen fixation

What is the most common term used for the biological process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into a form readily available for use in organisms?

polar jet stream

What is the name for the "river" of high altitude wind over North America that marks the southern boundary between polar air to the north and warmer air to the south?

till

Which of the following geological terms best refers to deposits of unsorted and unstratified sediments deposited by the movement of a glaicer

meteor

What is the astronomical term for the bright tail of a meteoroid passing through the atmosphere of the Earth?

candela

What is the SI base unit used for the intensity of a light source

The Law of Conservation of Energy

This law most directly limits the ability of a simple machine to an efficiency of 100% or lower

milk

People who are lactose intolerant are unable to digest the sugar present in which of the following?

water

The hydrologic cycle describes the circulation of Earth's:

lateral

What type of moraine forms along the valley walls of an alpine glacier?

valence electrons

The exchange or sharing of what atomic particle is most directly involved in chemical bonding?

light

What is the most environmental factor most directly involved in phototropism?

newtons

Whereas mass is measured in kilograms, what SI unit is the most common measure of an object's weight?

first law

Which one of Newton's Laws of motion most directly deals with the resistance of a body to change in its motion

clear

A fifty-fifty solution of distilled water and pure ethanol will appear:

sun

What is the ultimate energy source for nearly all life on Earth?

roots

Giant kelp found in oceans do NOT possess which of the following structures?

hypothalamus

What specific part of the human brain is most responsible for regulating body temperature

absolute zero

What is the Kelvin temperature that represents a condition of no molecular motion?

sessile

Which of the following terms do biologists most often use to describe animals that do not move by their design or effort?

inside

What does the prefix endo mean, as in the word endoscope

capillaries

What is the name of the blood vessels in vertebrate bodies where most of the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs

thymine

What is the base nucleotide to which adenine binds on its opposing strand of DNA?

amplitude

Which of the following must change if constructive interference occurs between two light waves

inner core

What is the hottest region on Earth?

wheel and axle

A screw driver and a doorknob are considered variations of what simple machine?

synapse

What is the most common name for the junctions across which nerve cells carry chemical messages from cell to cell?

dendrite

What is the most common name of the part of a neuron that takes its name from the Greek word for tree, and functions to carry electrical messages from other nerve cells to the soma?

transistor

What modern solid-state electronic device is used as an amplifier in modern radios and, through its wide use as an electronic switch, is a basic component in modern logic circuits?

plasma

What is the light yellow fluid that makes up the fluid portion of normal circulating blood?

seven-tenths

Approximately what fraction of Earth's surface is covered by oceans?

medial moraine

The presence of which of the following is evidence that 2 valley glaciers have or had at one time joined into a larger glacier

capacitor

Which of the following is the most common electronic device used for storing electric energy in a process called charging?

tendons

What anatomical structures in humans function by connecting muscle to bones?

tides

What is the general name for the rising and falling of sea levels in response to the forces exerted by the Moon and Sun?

1 gram

What is the mass, in grams to the nearest whole number, of one cubic centimeter of pure water at standard room temperature and pressure.

gravity

Which one of the four basic forces of the universe is most directly involved with maintaining the planets in their orbits?

between cells

Which of the following is closest to the meaning of intercellular

nucleus

Inside what human cell organelle does the replication of the chromosomal DNA in preparation fro mitosis occur

muscle

Most of the heart is composed of which of the following types of tissues?

stationary

Which of the following BEST describes the term static?

intaking or venting air

A blimp or airship that uses helium as its lifting gas primarily controls its buoyancy by doing which of the following:

sperm and egg

What are the most common names of the gametes produced by a human male and female, respectively?

DNA

What is the most common term for the biological polymer found in chromosomes that stores genetic information

Cell wall

Which of the following is NOT a structure found in human cells

jaw

Which of the following anatomical structures is missing in the hagfish?

liquid

What physical state of matter is intermediate between a solid and a gas?

calcium carbonate

The hard coral of coral reefs are primarily made of:

coal

What fossil fuel is the greatest fuel source for electricity generation in the world?j

silicon dioxide

The dominant component of most magma is?

silicon

From what element are most semiconductors primarily composed?

slow cooling

An igneous rock in which individual mineral grains or crystals are visible to the naked eye most likely was formed by which of the following processes?

structural support

What is the most important function of fiber tracheids in woody plants?

temperature

According to Charles's gas law, the volume of a fixed amount of gas varies directly with what property?

species

In the taxonomical name Homo sapiens, what taxonomical rank does sapiens represent?

electron

What atomic particle balances the charge of protons to produce a neutral atom?

neutrons

Isotopes of the same element are based on their different numbers of what atomic particle?

Jupiter

Which of the Gas giant planets is closest to the Sun?

heat and pressure

What are the 2 main factors causing the metamorphism of rocks?

the cell

What is generally considered the basic unit of life?

chloroplast

In what organelle of a plant cell does photosynthesis occur?

fermentation

What is the name for the biochemical process that converts grape juice into wine of soy beans into soy sauce?

cirrus

Which of the following clouds has little vertical development?

hydrogen peroxide

What is the common name for the antiseptic, found in many homes, that decomposes into water and oxygen?

H2O2

What is the chemical formula for hydrogen peroxide?

albumen

What is the scientific name for the white of a cooked egg?

enzymes

What term is generally used for biological catalysts?

weight

What term do scientists use for the force of gravity acting on anything that has mass?

rain

A weather forecast of 100% relative humidity suggests an increased possibility of:

longitudes

What is the name for all Great Circles that pass through the north and south poles?

latitude

What general term describes the angle or degree north of south of the equator?

freezing rain

Which of the following forms of winter precipitation is most likely to cause downed power lines and broken tree limbs?

titatnium

What hard silver-gray metal is the 9th most common element in Earth's crust, has an atomic number or 22, and takes its name from the Titans

Florida

What state in the U.S. has the largest continuous system of mangroves in the world?

parasitism

What is the most common term for the symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed?

atomic number

When using the periodic chart, what number gives the number of protons in a given element?

Venus

What terrestrial planet rotates in an opposite direction to the planet Earth?

parallel

What is the mathematical term for coplanar lines that never intersect?