feminism

liberal

P: understand society to hold traditional gender stereotypes which create a barrier to equality → can overcome with legal changes

E: Oakley- gender roles are culturally constructed → social perceptions and stereotypes are transmitted through socialisation = upholding the patriarchy

R: Heidensoch- gender bias within the CJS → courts treat females more harshly as their breaking social norms → less seriousness of crime and more courts assessment of them as wives, mothers and daughters

C: Walby- critcises over optimistic view that sexism can be overcome soely through legal changes and ignore structural causes

marxists

P: women’s subordination is rooted in capitalism

E: Hartmann- argues capitalism and patriarchy are interlocked → role as unpaid homemaker reproduces and maintains labour force

R: Ansley- women are ‘takers of shit’ who soak up the frustration men feel due to the exploitation they suffer at work = maintains capitalism and women’s subordination in the home

C: Firestone- over emphasise class and ignore sexual oppression of women

radical

P: all men oppress women within a patriarchal society

E: Firestone- origins of patriarchy lie in women’s biological capacity to bear and care for infants → personal relationships are political as men dominate women through them

R: Greer- women’s oppression in domestic and sexual relationships through separatist matrifocal households and political lesbianism

C: Sommerville- political lesbianism is impractical due to attraction

post structuralism

P: feminism has claimed a false universality that focuses on the experience of white m/c

E: Butler- critcises the idea of essentialism - that all women share same experiences of oppression

R: Armstrong- views religion as something which oppresses all women but there are some forms which give women greater freedom → hijab allows women to enter public sphere and get an education

C: Walby- emphasises similarities e.g. low pay and sexual assault