1.1 AICE European History Vocab

taille

A direct tax that was on income

Noble Revolt

The Parlements’ refusal to create new taxes was a part of this event

Revolution of 1789

Period of major social and political upheaval in France that resulted in dismantling of the Ancien Régime

Journees

Was a turning point events of the revolution where people took over this symbol of the king’s tyranny. Resulted in the governor being killed.

Louis XVI

Weak king who was later found guilty of treason

Charles Brienne

Controller general who wanted a new land tax to replace the existing direct taxesy

Bourgeoisie

These members of the 3rd estate typically paid the most taxes due to their wealth

1786-Assembly of Notables

All members of the orders were present however none agreed to Calonne’s reforms

Ancien regime

4 components: the parlements, the absolute monarchy, the social system, and the Catholic Church

Parlements

The most powerful legislative body other than the Estates-General

Marie Antoinette

Wife of King Louis XVI that was an Austrian princess

gabelle

Salt tax

absolute monarch

king or queen not limited by the rules of a constitution

enlightenment

philosophes of this movement influenced both the American and French revolutions

The August Decrees

this abolished all privileges of the aristocracy

May 5, 1789—First day of the estates general

this began a meeting that had not been convened since 1614

real wages

decline of this lead to growing urban unrest

feudalism

the socio-political system of the Middle Ages in which men received titles and land in exchange for military service to the kind

cahiers de doleances

prior to the estates general, these various lists had different demands

montesquieu

thinker who advocated for checks and balances

jacques necker

controller general who was removed because his report said that the government overspent on the retirement income of the aristocracy

October 5, 1789—The womens march on Versailles

7,000-10,000 trekked/paraded around Versailles because Louis XVI did not want to sign the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen. They also demanded bread

Parlement of paris

legislative body made up of the 2nd estate

Capitation

poll or head tax

1756-1763 Seven Years War

this loss resulted in France losing a substantial amount of their territory in India and North America to England/Great Britain

July 14, 1789—Storming of the bastille

day of great political action and disturbance linked to great politcal change

vingtieme

an income tax that was 1/20th each person’s income

conscription

the 2nd estate was exempt from this (being forced to enroll in army)

palace of versailles

built by king louis XIV—cost was 2 billion USD today

octrois

an indirect tax that imports

estates-general

necker persuaded the king to summon or convene this after the parlements refused new taxes. the last one was in 1614

estates/orders

social class system where the privileges were held by only 3% of the population

aidas

indirect tax on food and drink

tennis court oath

the 3rd estate at Versailles vows to create a constitution

diderot

created the encyclopedia of sciences, arts, and crafts