Chemical Tests
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Last updated 3:13 PM on 6/8/23
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24 Terms
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Test for Hydrogen
Lit splint burns with a squeaky pop
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Oxygen
Glowing splint relights
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Carbon Dioxide
Bubble through limewater
Limewater turns cloudy/milky
Limewater turns cloudy/milky
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Ammonia
Damp red litmus paper turns blue
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Chlorine
Damp blue litmus paper is bleached
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How to prepare a metal wire for a flame test
1. Dip a loop of unreactive metal wire into concentrated acid
2. Hold it in the blue flame Bunsen burner until no colour change
1. this cleans wire loop + avoids contamination
3. Dip wire loop into solid metal sample
4. Place wire into blue flame of Bunsen burner
1. avoid getting wire too hot => glows red => confused colour
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Flame Test Colour: Lithium
Red
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Flame Test Colour: Sodium
Yellow
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Flame Test Colour: Potassium
Lilac
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Flame Test Colour: Calcium
Orange-red
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Flame Test Colour: Copper
Blue-green
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Test for Cations (metal ions)
Identified by colour of the precipitate they form with an addition of NaOH
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Cation Test: Ammonium
Ammonia gas formed
=> damp red litmus paper turns blue
=> damp red litmus paper turns blue
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Cation Test: Copper (II)
Light blue precipitate
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Cation Test: Iron (II)
Green precipitate
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Cation Test: Iron (III)
Red-brown precipitate
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Test for Anions (non-metal ions)
Dilute nitric acid + aqueous silver nitrate (or barium nitrate - SO4)
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Anion Test: Chloride Ion
Dilute nitric acid + aqueous silver nitrate
=> white precipitate
=> white precipitate
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Anion test: Bromide Ion
Dilute nitric acid + aqueous silver nitrate
=> cream precipitate
=> cream precipitate
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Anion Test: Iodide Ion
Dilute nitric acid + aqueous silver nitrate
=> yellow precipitate
=> yellow precipitate
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Anion Test: Sulphate Ion
Dilute nitric acid + aqueous barium nitrate
=> white precipitate
=> white precipitate
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Anion Test: Carbonate Ion
Add dilute acid + test gas produced
=> CO2 produced (effervescence)
=> CO2 produced (effervescence)
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Chemical Test for H2O
Anhydrous copper sulphate + water
=> white → blue
=> white → blue
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Physical Test for H2O
Check boiling point with thermometer
=> boils at exactly 100°C
=> boils at exactly 100°C
Note 
Flashcards (50)