Earth week 1

(chapters 1 and 2)

stock

is the harvestable portion of the resource

total impact (I)=

product of population(p) x affluence(A) x technology(T)

carrying capacity

is a measure of the ability of a system to support life

ecological footprint

the environmental impact of an individual or population

overshoot

humans have surpassed earth capacity (using 39% more of the planets resources)

scientific method

observations, questions, hypothesis, predictions, tests, the results either support or reject hypothesis

manipulative experiments

yield the strongest evidence (show causation, not always possible)

natural or correlational tests

show real-world complexity (cannot show causation)

canadas ecological footprint

about 7.6 ha

since the industrial revolution atmospheric co2 concentrations have risen…

over 40% to the highest level in 800,000 years

sustainable development

the use of resources to satisfy current needs without compromising future availability

triple bottom line

sustainable solutions that meet environmental goals, economic goals, and social goals

matter

all material in the universe that has mass and occupies space

hydrogen bonds

o2 from one water molecule to be attracted to the hydrogen atoms of another

most acidic to least acidic

battery acid, lemon juice, rain, pure water, sea , ammonia, naoh

proteins

produce tissues provide structural support, store and transport energy

DNA and RNA

info in DNA is rewritten to RNA. RNA directs amino acid assembly into proteins

genes

regions of DNA that code for proteins that perform functions

genome

an organisms genes - divided into chromosomes

lipids

dont dissolve in water

plastics

synthetic polymers, cause long-lasting waste and pollution

energy conversion efficiency

the ratio of useful energy output to the amount needing to be input

chloroplasts

organelles where photosynthesis occurs (contains chlorophyll)

heterotrophs

organisms that gain by feeding on others

cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

hydrothermal vents

host entire communities that thrive in high temperatures and pressure on the ocean floor

chemosynthesis

uses chemical bond energy to produce sugar

primordial soup (the heterotrophic hypothesis)

life originated from a soup of simple inorganic chemicals in the oceans

“seeds” from space (the panspermia hypothesis)

microbes from space traveled on meteorites to Earth

Life from the depth (the chemoautotrophic hypothesis)

life originated in deep-sea hydrothermal vents with abundant sulfur

how many major plate tectonics

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