T6.4 Unification of Italy World History 2 ( T6 )

so rushed sorry

Giuseppe Mazzini

Italian nationalist who founded Young Italy. In 1849, he set up a revolutionary republic in Rome, after leading a revolution in 1848 but French forces crushed it, forcing him into exile. The Heart. Parliament Democratic

Young Italy

Founded by Mazzini and promoted democracy and nationalism. The goal of this secret society was to constitute Italy, one, free, independent, republican nation.

Carbonari

Patriotic secret revolutionary organization that started uprising, all suppressed by Austria

Leadership of Sardinia

Patriotic society represented by an Italy, governed by Italians

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Italian who conquered the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies with the Expedition of the Thousand/The Red Shirts. fought for Sardinia against Austria. Also tried to defend the Roman Republic, but failed. The Sword. Parliament Democratic

Camillo Cavour

Italian liberal prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia. Devised and executed the plan that led to the Italian unification. The Brain. Constitutional Monarchy.

Cavour's Plan

1. Sardinia Sent Troops to the Crimea (1856) so Sardinia allowed to participate in treaty negotiations

2. Cavour & Napoleon III Met at Plombières (1858) so Napoleon III promises troops if Austria attacks Sardinia, Cavour engineered the war

3. Austro-Sardinian War, high casualties forced Napoleon III to withdraw, Sardinia gains Lombardy

4. Modena, Parma, Tuscany duchies revolt against Austria, vote to annex with Sardinia, Garibaldi liberated Kingdom of Two Sicilies, captured Naples, vote to unify with Sardinia, Cavour sends troops to Papal States, annex all but Rome, joins Northern & Southern Italy, Victor crowned king of Italy

5. Austro-Prussian War, Sardinia allies with Prussia, Austria loses Venetia, getting annexed to Italy

6. Due to Franco-Prussian War, France w/drew troops from Rome, Rome annexed

Victor Emmanuel II

King of Sardinia, 1st king of united Italy. Constitutional Monarchy

Risorgimento

Italian nationalist movement for unification

Anarchist

people who want to abolish all government

Problems after Unification

Weak corrupt government, Church hostility, Poor economic conditions, ambitious nationalism

Factors hindering Unification

Political divisions, Austria/Church opposing unification,

Lombardy and Venetia

controlled by the Austrian Empire

Sardinia

controlled by Italy

Papal States

controlled by Catholic Church/the Pope

The Duchies Parma, Modena, Tuscany & Kingdom of Two Sicilies

rulers controlled by Austria

Emigration

Movement away from their homeland

1849

Mazzini creates a republic in Rome, later crushed by France.

1855

Sardinia joins Britain and France against Russia in the Crimean war

1852

Cavour becomes prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia

1861

Italian unification, end of Russian serfdom, Cavour dies

1870

Franco-Prussian War where France was forced to withdraw its troops from Rome.

The Brain

Count Cavour

The Sword

Giuseppi Garibaldi

The Heart

Giuseppi Mazzini