AP BIO: chpt 41 view

The feeding relationships among the species in a community determine the community's

The feeding relationships among the species in a community determine the community's

trophic structure.

Which of the following could qualify as a top-down control on a grassland community?

effect of grazing intensity by bison on plant species diversity

Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, a community's species diversity is increased by

moderate levels of disturbance.

Which of the following is an example of Müllerian mimicry?

two species of unpalatable buttery that have the same color pattern

Evidence shows that some grasses being from being grazed. Which of the following terms would best describe this plant-herbivore interaction?

mutualism

Which of the following is an example of Batesian mimicry?

a nonvenomous snake that looks like a venomous snake

What interactions exist between the cattle egret and grazing cattle?

+/o

What interactions exist between a lion pride and a hyena pack?

-/-

What interactions exist between a bee and a flower?

+/+

What interactions exist between cellulose-digesting organisms in the gut of a termite and the termite?

+/+

What interactions exist between a tick on a dog and the dog?

+/-

What interactions exist between mycorrhizae and evergreen tree roots?

+/+

Which of the following is an example of cryptic coloration?

a "walking stick" insect that resembles a twig

Imagine ve forest communities, each with 100 individuals distributed among four different tree species

(W, X, Y, and Z). Which forest community would be most diverse?

25W, 25X, 25Y, 25Z

Why is a pathogen generally more virulent in a new habitat?

Hosts in new environments have not had a chance to become resistant to the pathogen through natural selection.

Connell conducted this experiment to learn more about

competitive exclusion and distribution of barnacle species.

Which of the following statements is a valid conclusion of this experiment?

The removal of Balanus shows that the realized niche of Chthamalus is smaller than its fundamental niche

Why do moderate levels of disturbance result in an increase in community diversity?

Habitats are opened up for less competitive species.

Which island would likely have the greatest species diversity?

A

Which island would likely exhibit the most impoverished species diversity?

C

Which island would likely have the lowest extinction rate?

A

In a tide pool, 15 species of invertebrates were reduced to 8 after one species was removed. The species removed was likely a(n)

keystone species.

According to the competitive exclusion principle, two species cannot continue to occupy the same

niche.

In terms of community ecology, why are pathogens often more virulent now than before?

Human activities are transporting pathogens into new habitats (or communities) at an unprecedented rate.

How did Eugene Odum describe an ecological niche?

an organism's "profession" in the community

According to the Shannon Diversity Index, which block would show the greatest diversity?

5

Which of the following best describes resource partitioning?

slight variations in a species’ niche that allow similar species to coexist

Which of the following is an example of aposematic coloration?

the brightly colored patterns of poison dart frogs

Which letter represents an organism that could be a primary producer?

B

Which letter represents an organism that could be a producer?

C

Why are food chains relatively short?

Longer chains are less stable and energy transfer between trophic levels is inecient.

Which of the following is a likely explanation for why invasive species take over communities into which they have been introduced?

Invasive species are not held in check by the predators and agents of disease that have always been in place for native species.

Dwarf mistletoes are owering plants that grow on certain forest trees. They obtain nutrients and water from the vascular tissues of the trees. The trees derive no known benets from the dwarf mistletoes. Which of the following best describes the interactions between dwarf mistletoes and trees?

parasitism

Which of the following is a correct statement about the McArthur/Wilson Island Equilibrium Model?

Small islands receive few new immigrant species.