Studied by 10 people
culture
all of a groupās learned behaviors, actions, beliefs, and objects
cultural traits
all cultural elements, visible or invisible
cultural complex
interrelated traits and cultural artifacts
cultural hearth
area where a unique culture or specif
taboos
behaviors heavily discouraged by a culture
folk cultures
beliefs and practices of small, homogenous groups often living in rural areas that are relatively isolated and slow to change
culture realms
share some vital traits (language, food, history, architecture)
space-time compression
improvements in transportation and communication have shortened tone time required for movement, trade, or other forms of interaction between two places
globalization
process of intensified interaction among peoples, governments, and companies of different countries around the world
popular culture
cultural traits that diffuse quickly over a large area and are adopted by various groups
diffusion
the spreading of information, ideas, behaviors, and other aspects of culture
relocation diffusion
s
expansion diff
contagious diffusion
where a cultural trait spreads continuously outward from its hearth
hierarchal diffusion
spread of culture outward from the most interconnected places or from centers of wealth and importance
reverse hierarchal diffusion
stimulus diffusion
occurs when a cultural trait spreads but every culture modi
acculturation
when an ethnic group/immigrant moves to a new area adopts the values and practices of the larger group that has received them
assimilation
when an ethnic group can no longer be distinguished from the receiving group
multiculturalism
coexistence of several cultures in one society, with the ideal of all cultures being valued and worthy of study
linguist
scientist who studies languages
language tree
indo-european language family
romance languages
unifying language of latin diverged into distinct regional languages
isoglosses
boundaries between variations in pronunciations or word usage
dialects
regional variations of a language
adages
sayings that attempt to express a truth about life
lingua franca
common language used by people who do not share the same language
slang
informal usage by a segment of the population
pidgin language
simplified mixture of two languages that has fewer grammar
creole language
when two or more languages can mix and develop a more formal structure and vocabulary so that they are no longer a pidgin language, has native speakers
swahili
trade between arab-speaking merchants and bantu-speaking residents result
official language
one designated by law to be language of government
homogenous
made up largely of ethnically similar people
ethnicity
membership in a group of people who share characteristics such as ancestry language, customs, history, and common experiences
nationality
describes peopleās connection to a particular country
fundamentalism
an attempt to follow a literal interpretation of a religious faith
sharia
Islamic legal framework for a country
theocracies
country whose government is led by religious leaders
neolocalism
the process of re-embracing the uniqueness and authenticity of a place
polytheistic
having many gods
monotheistic
having one god
karma
the idea that behaviors have consequences in the present or future life
caste system
rigid class structure
ethnic religions
belief traditions that emphasize strong cultural characteristics among their followers
universal religion
actively seeks to convert to its faith regardless of their ethnic background
pilgrimage
a religious journey taken by a person to a sacred place of their religion
animism
belief that non-living objects, such as river or mountains, have a spirit
charter group
first group to establish cultural and religious customs in a space
ethnic islands
concentrations of an ethnic group
sequent occupance
ethnic groups move in and out of neighborhoods and create new cultural imprints on the landscape
Note
Flashcard