Data Management and Analytics Review

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to data management, quality, and analytics as presented in the lecture notes.

Data Profiling

The process of investigating data quality and structure, involving investigating quality, structure, and decision-making about data issues.

Data Quality Characteristics

Key criteria to evaluate data, including correctness (accuracy of facts), validity (adherence to defined rules), and consistency (uniform representation).

Single-Valued Column

A column in a database that contains a single value for each row, describing one characteristic.

Composite Column

A column that combines values from two or more characteristics into a single field.

Multi-Valued Column

A column where a cell contains multiple values of the same characteristic.

Flat Tables

A method for structuring data for analysis using single-value columns, preferred over crosstabulation tables.

Star Schema

A type of data model consisting of fact tables and dimension tables to support efficient querying and analysis.

Data Cleaning

The process of correcting, validating, and modifying data to ensure its quality for analysis.

Imputation

A strategy for handling incomplete data by substituting estimated values for missing entries.

Referential Integrity

A validation rule in databases ensuring that all values in a foreign key column correspond to existing values in the primary key column.

Continuous Auditing

An approach in auditing that continuously evaluates transactions and data as they occur to ensure accuracy and compliance.

Cognitive Technologies

Artificial intelligence tools that replicate human judgment in decision-making and analysis.

Data Mining

The process of examining large datasets to identify patterns, correlations, and anomalies.

Robotic Process Automation (RPA)

Technology that automates routine tasks by mimicking human actions across digital platforms.

Smart Contracts

Self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code, utilizing blockchain technology.

Textual Analysis

An analytical method that examines text data for insights regarding sentiments, trends, and interpretations.

What-If Analysis

A technique used to predict the outcome of a situation based on varying input assumptions.

Data Visualization

The graphical representation of data to communicate insights clearly and effectively.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one’s pre-existing beliefs.

Selection Bias

A distortion in the statistical analysis due to non-random selection of participants or data.

ETL (Extract, Transform, Load)

A three-step process to move data from source systems, clean and consolidate it, and load it into a data warehouse or data lake.

Metadata

Data that provides information about other data, describing its characteristics, structure, content, and context.

Data Governance

The overall management of data availability, usability, integrity, and security within an organization to ensure data quality and compliance.

Anomaly Detection

The process of identifying rare items, events, or observations that deviate significantly from the majority of the data.