Albert Parsons APUSH

In which city and state was Albert Parsons born in June 1848?,"

Montgomery, Alabama"

To which state was Albert Parsons sent as a child after being orphaned?,

Texas

At which newspaper did Albert Parsons apprentice as a printer during his youth in Texas?,

The Galveston Daily News

"Which university, now known as Baylor, did Albert Parsons briefly attend after the Civil War?",

Waco University

In which military force did Albert Parsons serve as a teenager during the American Civil War?,

The Confederate army

What was the name of the Texas volunteer unit Albert Parsons first joined during the Civil War?,

The Lone Star Greys

To which political party did Albert Parsons align himself after breaking with his Confederate past?,

The Radical Republican Party

"What was the name of the Reconstruction-era newspaper Parsons published in Waco, Texas?",

The Waco Spectator

What primary civil rights goal did the Waco Spectator advocate for during Reconstruction?,

Voting rights for freedpeople

What position did Albert Parsons hold in the Texas Senate around 1870–1873?,

Secretary of the Texas Senate

Which federal office did Parsons hold in Austin as a result of Republican patronage?,

Chief deputy collector of Internal Revenue

In what year did Albert Parsons marry Lucy Parsons?,

1872

What three ethnic heritages comprised Lucy Parsons's background?,"

Black, Indigenous, and Mexican"

What specific threat in Texas forced Albert and Lucy Parsons to relocate to Chicago in the mid-1870s?,

The Ku Klux Klan

What was Albert Parsons's primary trade in Chicago before becoming a full-time activist?,

Printer

Which major labor organization did Albert Parsons join in 1876?,

The Knights of Labor

In which significant labor event of 1877 did Albert Parsons become actively involved?,

The great railroad strikes

Around what year did Albert Parsons begin to identify specifically as an anarchist?,

1880

Which radical labor organization did Albert Parsons help found in 1883?,

The International Working People’s Association

What was the name of the anarchist newspaper Albert Parsons edited starting in 1884?,

The Alarm

What specific labor reform was the central focus of the May Day actions in 1886?,

The eight-hour workday

On what date was Albert Parsons executed for his alleged involvement in the Haymarket bombing?,"

November 11, 1887"

How did Albert Parsons define 'anarchy' in relation to social organization?,

Self-government and voluntary cooperation

"According to Parsons's philosophy, what is the fundamental basis of all government?",

Force and domination

Why did Parsons refer to the state and capitalism as 'twins'?,

Government exists mainly to protect property and capital against workers.

What term did Parsons use to describe the wage system's effect on workers?,

Despotism

"According to Parsons, what must be abolished to achieve real freedom for workers?",

"Privileged ownership of land, mines, and workshops"

"In Parsons's view, where should social order originate if not from authority or parliaments?",

Free agreements among equals

What role did Parsons believe trade unions should play in a post-capitalist society?,

Directing and running production

Why did Parsons believe deep social change would likely require a revolution?,

The possessing class will not relinquish power peacefully.

What was Parsons's ultimate vision regarding the daily workload in a cooperative society?,

Working only a few hours a day

Which Chicago organization did Parsons help found to represent local workers?,

The Chicago Trades and Labor Council

"Where did Parsons speak just before the Haymarket bombing took place on May 4, 1886?",

The Haymarket rally

How did Parsons view the relationship between individual liberty and laws?,

"Liberty must be absolute, requiring laws and prisons to disappear."

What does Parsons's transition from a Confederate soldier to a defender of Black rights demonstrate about his character?,

His ability to change his mind and grow intellectually

To whom did Albert Parsons write a letter of 'everlasting' affection while on death row?,

His wife Lucy and their children

Why did Parsons frame his own execution as a protective act for his children?,

He preferred death over raising them in poverty and wage-slavery.

How did friends describe Albert Parsons's social personality?,

Hearty and sociable

The _ was the primary vehicle Parsons used in Texas to advocate for Reconstruction amendments.,

Waco Spectator

Parsons viewed the threat of _ as the primary tool used by the wage system to coerce workers.,

Hunger

Concept: The Alarm,

Definition: An anarchist labor paper edited by Albert Parsons beginning in October 1884.

"According to Parsons's philosophy, what group should control the means of production?",

Those who use and work them

What was the approximate total duration of Albert Parsons’s career as a public reformer?

,20 years

Which political entity did Parsons believe existed to protect 'legalized capital'?,

The government

What was the primary motive for Albert Parsons's 'personal cause' in labor organizing?,

Lifting wage workers out of poverty and dependence

What did Parsons advocate as an alternative to both capitalism and party politics?,

Anarchist socialism

What symbolic status did Parsons achieve following his trial and execution?,

A Haymarket martyr and symbol of labor struggle

"In the context of Reconstruction, what does 'Republican patronage' refer to in Parsons's life?",

Government jobs granted for his support of the Radical Republican cause

By what year had Parsons settled into his final residence in Chicago?,Mid-1870s

What was the main purpose of workers' associations in Parsons's strategy for social transformation?,

To learn solidarity and eventually manage production