Endocrine System and Hormonal Regulation

A series of flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to the endocrine system and hormonal functions.

TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)

A hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones T3 and T4.

T3 (Triiodothyronine)

A thyroid hormone that increases the metabolic activity of mitochondria.

T4 (Thyroxine)

A thyroid hormone that helps regulate metabolism and energy production.

Negative Feedback

A control mechanism in which a change in a physiological variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change.

Calcitonin

A hormone produced by the thyroid that lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting the release of calcium from bones.

PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)

A hormone released by the parathyroid glands that increases blood calcium levels.

Humoral Stimulus

A hormonal response that is triggered by changes in blood composition.

Insulin

A hormone produced by the pancreas that lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake by cells.

Glucagon

A hormone produced by the pancreas that increases blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown.

Adrenal Glands

Endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys that produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.

Epinephrine

A hormone produced by the adrenal medulla that prepares the body for fight-or-flight responses.

Aldosterone

A hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte levels.

Cortisol

A stress hormone released by the adrenal cortex that increases blood glucose levels and helps control the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.

Thymosin

A hormone produced by the thymus gland important for the development and maturation of T-cells in the immune system.